Volumul 20


20-51 APLICAŢIE A RECUNOAŞTERII FORMELOR ÎN SISTEME DE FABRICAŢIE

APPLICATION FORMS OF RECOGNITION SYSTEMS
IN MANUFACTURING
The content of the paper deals with large white plates shape
recognition. In preparing the work we started from the premise that practice
shows that during the technological process may occur a number of flaws that
undermine this production. One of these defects relate to the geometry of the
object to be processed.
Keywords: recognition system, the manufacture, transport flow
Cuvinte cheie: sistem de recunoaştere, proces de fabricaţie, flux de transport

51 APLICAŢIE A RECUNOAŞTERII FORMELOR


20-52 CERCETĂRI PRIVIND ASIGURAREA SOLIDIFICĂRII DIRIJATE A ROŢILOR TURNATE

RESEARCH ON ENSURING DIRECTIONAL
SOLIDIFICATION OF CAST WHEELS
The paper presents possibilities of reduction in casting defects
recorded (especially voids) by ensure directional solidification. It is considered a
particular case wheel casting in a steel foundry casting.
Keywords: casting, feeder, how the solidification, mold
Cuvinte cheie: piesă turnată, maselotă, modul de solidificare, formă de
turnare

52 CERCETĂRI PRIVIND ASIGURAREA SOLIDIFICĂRII


20-53 COMPOZITE Al – BAZALT REALIZATE PRIN SINTERIZARE

COMPOSITES Al – BASALT MADE BY SINTERING
The aim of this paper is the description of certain issues related to the
obtaining of new materials with special characteristics over those already
normal and also the interest to obtain economically profitable materials has
become more ample.
The technology used to obtain the Al- Basalt composite through casting
and also sintering consists in obtaining the compatibility of basalt in the
aluminum based metallic matrix and obtaining the agglutination between
aluminum powders and basalt particle in the most efficient conditions.
Keywords: casting, sintering, aluminum, basalt
Cuvinte cheie: turnare, sinterizare, aluminiu, bazalt

53 COMPOZITE Al – BAZALT


20-54 CONSIDERAŢII ASUPRA OBŢINERII MATERIALELOR NANOSTRUCTURATE METALICE

CONSIDERATION TO OBTAINING OF METALIC
NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS
This paper presents the procedures for obtaining metallic nanostructures.
These materials are increasingly present because they special possess
properties and have an greater increasingly use in the areas of mechatronics,
robotics, precision mechanics.
Keywords: materials, nanocrystalline, processes, obtaining
Cuvinte cheie: materiale, nanocristaline, procedee, obţinere

54 CONSIDERAŢII ASUPRA OBŢINERII MATERIALELOR


20-55 TRANSFORMĂRI STRUCTURALE ALE OŢELULUI LEDEBURITIC X200Cr12 ÎN URMA APLICĂRII UNUI TRATAMENT TERMIC ŞI CRIOGENIC

STRUCTURAL TRANS FORMATIONS
OF THE X200Cr12 LEDEBURITIC STEEL AFTER A
CRYOGENIC HEAT TREATMENT
Cryogenic treatment completes the classic heat treatment of steels
with higher carbon content of 0.6 %, bringing substantially improving on
properties, being very simple.
In the case of X200Cr12 ledeburitic steel, the amount of residual
austenite was reduced from 20.03 % to 14.14 %, being transformed into
martensite, as a result of cryogenic treatment done immediately after
quenching.
Hardness Vickers values were increased with 61 units, representing a
6.7 % increase, as a result of martensitic transformation.
Keywords: steel ledeburitic X200Cr12, X-ray diffraction, martensitic
transformation, optical microscopy, low temperature
Cuvinte cheie: oţel ledeburitic X200Cr12, difracţie cu raze X,
transformare martensitică, microscopie optică, temperaturi scăzute

55 TRANSFORMĂRI STRUCTURALE ALE OŢELULUI


20-56 ASPECTE MORFOLOGICE ŞI STRUCTURALE ALE AMESTECULUI PULVERULENT Fe50Ni50 SUPUS ALIERII MECANICE

MORPHOLOGICAL AND STRUCTURAL ASPECTS
OF Fe50Ni50 POWDER MIXTURE SUBJECTED TO
MECHANICAL ALLOYING
The mechanical alloying experiment was performed inti a planetary
ball mill using elemental Fe and Ni powders mixed together at 50 wt. % ratio.
Powder samples were taken out after 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 48, and 64 hours of
milling. These samples were subjected to X-ray diffraction, sieving analysis,
and optical microscopy inspection. The results allow us to conclude that Ni
presents a ductile behaviour meanwhile Fe acts as a brittle component which
conducts to the forming of mixed particles of Ni embedding smaller Fe one. The
particle structure is more refined progressive with the milling time. Finally, the
solid solution of Fe in Ni FCC is completely formed at 64 hours of milling.
Keywords: Fe-Ni, alloy mechanical, planetary mill
Cuvinte cheie: Fe-Ni, aliere mecanică, moară planetară

56 ASPECTE MORFOLOGICE ŞI STRUCTURALE


20-57 OBŢINEREA PULBERILOR Cu – Zn – Al PRIN PULVERIZARE DIN FAZĂ LICHIDĂ UTILIZATE PENTRU REALIZAREA MATERIALELOR CU MEMORIA FORMEI,

TECHNOLOGY OF OBTAINING ALLOYS
Cu – Zn – Al THROUGH BY SPRAYING OF LIQUID PHASE FOR
MAKING MATERIALS WITH SHAPE MEMORY
Alloys Cu – Zn – Al with shape memory are part of special class of
suitable material, as they can transform heat directly into mechanical work. The
known shape memory alloys, used alloys with the Cu presents some
advantages such as lower cost price, compared with other alloy for example,
high values of shape memory characteristics and capacity of this effect memory
to form after a relatively short period of education. Shape memory alloys are
characterized by a mechanical memory, memory that is due to thermoelastic
behavior.
Keywords: shape memory alloys, alloys Cu – Zn Al
Cuvinte cheie: aliaje cu memorie a formei, aliaje Cu – Zn – Al

57 OBŢINEREA PULBERILOR Cu – Zn – Al PRIN


20-58 STUDIUL REZISTENŢEI LA CAVITAŢIE A OŢELULUI INOXIDABIL MARTENSITIC CU 12 % CROM DESTINAT FABRICĂRII PALETELOR DE MAŞINI HIDRAULICE

STUDY OF RESISTANCE TO CAVITATION TO MARTENSITIC
STAINLESS STEEL WITH 12 % CHROM USED IN
MANUFACTURING HYDRAULIC MACHINERY BLADES
Paper analyses the cavitations erosion for stainless steel with 12 %
chromium and 6 % nickel content. The experimental researches were
undertaken in the Cavitations Laboratory of the Timişoara Polytechnic
University using a vibratory facility respecting the conditions of the ASTM G32-
2006 Standard.
The steel behaviour was evaluated both on the ground of
microstructure erosion (through optic and electronic microscopy) and by
comparisons with other reference steel, with 18 % chrome and 10 % nickel,
which was use in Romania and other countries for manufacturing turbine
blades.
Keywords: cavitation erosion, microstructure, maximum depth of
erosion, stainless steel, chemicals
Cuvinte cheie: eroziunea cavitaţiei, microstructură, adâncimea
maximă a eroziunii, oțel inoxidabil, elemente chimice

58 STUDIUL REZISTENŢEI LA CAVITAŢIE A OŢELULUI


20-59 CERCETĂRI EXPERIMENTALE PRIVIND OBŢINEREA BUCŞELOR LAGĂRELOR DE ALUNECARE DIN COMPOZITE CU PROPRIETĂŢI DIRIJATE

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH CONCERNING ON OBTAINING
SLIDING BUSHINGS BEARINGS FROM COMPOSITES
WITH CONTROLLED PROPERTIES
The paper herewith presents results gotten in research on getting of new
composite materials as well as procedure of achieving such. Orientation of steel
powders into the ceramic mass is done in magnetic field during process flows of
pressing concomitantly with a supplementary operation, vibration. Stiffening of
compacts takes place during sintering. The fiber model gotten in composite is like the
one achieved by metallic fibers.
Keywords: composite properties, driven, powder
Cuvinte cheie: compozite, proprietăţi, dirijate, pulberi

59 CERCETĂRI EXPERIMENTALE PRIVIND OBŢINEREA


20-62 SOLUŢII MODERNE PENTRU OPTIMIZAREA PROCESELOR DE ELABORARE ÎN CAE

MODERN SOLUTIONS FOR OPTIMIZATION
THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT IN CAE
The paper shows how to reduce production costs by automating
processes in the metallurgical industry. Automatic electrode position adjustment
makes a substantial contribution to increasing efficiency and reducing cost
prices CAE batch.
Keywords: electric arc furnaces, automatic adjustment of electrode
position, the computer process
Cuvinte cheie: cuptoare cu arc electric, sistem automat de reglare a
poziţiei electrozilor, calculatorul de proces

62 SOLUŢII MODERNE PENTRU OPTIMIZAREA


20-63 STUDII PRIVIND OPTIMIZAREA ROLELOR DE TRAGERE LA TURNAREA CONTINUĂ VERTICALĂ A OŢELULUI

STUDIES REGARDING THE OPTIMIZATION OF
WITDRAWING ROLLERS AT VERTICAL CONTINUOUS
CASTING OF STEEL
This paper presents an optimization method for withdrawal rollers to the
withdrawal plant at vertical continuous casting of steel. Optimizing rollers was
achieved by: use of statistical calculations applied to quantities, experimental
measurements obtained directly from the withdrawal of blanks, using
techniques CAD (Computer Aided Design) and CAE (Computer Aided
Engineering) design, modeling and optimization of cylinders; using finite
element method, FEM for static and dynamic simulations, the behavior of
withdrawal-straightening rolls in continuous casting process for determining
stress, elongation and movements that occur in this process. The study is both
experimental and theoretical, and aims to improve the process of withdrawal of
the semi continuous casting with vertical curvilinear wire of steel, using modern
methods of analysis, design and optimization of mechanical drives.
Keywords: vertical continuous casting, semi-roller drawing optimization,
CAD, CAE
Cuvinte cheie: turnare continuă verticală, semifabricate, role de tragere,
optimizare, CAD, CAE

63 STUDII PRIVIND OPTIMIZAREA ROLELOR DE


20-64 METODE DE OPTIMIZARE A INSTALAŢIILOR DE TRAGERE LA TURNAREA CONTINUĂ ORIZONTALĂ A METALELOR

METHODS OF OPTIMIZATION OF FACILITIES
FOR WITHDRAWAL FROM HORIZONTAL
CONTINUOUS CASTING OF METALS
This paper presents variants of modernization process of withdrawing
the profiles in horizontal continuous casting (HCC) of metals. Horizontal
continuous casting is a modern method of directly obtaining different types of
metallic semi-products by casting without using the laminated lines. As a
method, continuous casting is made by introducing liquid metal with a welldefined
temperature in a tank with water cooled walls, at interior, called
crystallizer and evacuation „wire” of solidified metal. Method of continuous
casting of ferrous and nonferrous metals and steel was imposed because it has
advantages over conventional casting into ingots. These advantages are: the
removal of metal is improved, it is obtaining a semi-finished product with a
superior quality surface, a lower segregation removes, consumption of ingot
molds and cast steel bridges are removed.
Keywords: horizontal continuous casting, semi-optimization methods,
modernization
Cuvinte cheie: turnare continuă orizontală, semifabricate, metode de
optimizare, modernizare

64 METODE DE OPTIMIZARE A INSTALAŢIILOR


20-65 INSTALAȚIE DE FABRICAT ARCURI ELICOIDALE PENTRU VEHICULE FEROVIARE

INSTALLATION FOR RAIL VEHICLES
MANUFACTURED HELICAL SPRINGS
The paper presents the operating principle for a plant to manufacture
spring steel coil springs and also some medium thickness calculations for the
main parts of the plant design
Keywords: spring, plant, rolling stock, elastic element
Cuvinte cheie: arc, instalaţie, material rulant, element elastic

65 INSTALAȚIE DE FABRICAT ARCURI ELICOIDALE


20-66 SISTEME MECANICE DE ADĂPARE UTILIZATE ÎN ZOOTEHNIE

MECHANICAL SYSTEMS USED IN ANIMAL DRINKING
Any species of animals in animal breeding farms needs one ore more
types of drinking troughs (depending on the operating system) that would be
specific to its biometric characters, microclimate, and must provide physical and
social comfort. Drinker types used determines the surface that animals should
have around them. The importance of knowing the animal needs stems from
the fact that accurate information on drinking troughs can be designed to be
more efficient, more economical, more reliable or that may be more ergonomic
for the animals and thereby increase the production by a few percent, which in
the current economic conditions can mean a lot.
Keywords: drinking troughs, cattle
Cuvinte cheie: adăpători, bovine

66 SISTEME MECANICE DE ADĂPARE


20-67 ZINCAREA TERMICĂ – O TEHNOLOGIE MODERNĂ

DIP GALVANIZING – A MODERN TECHNOLOGY
Steel is a key component in many fields and industrial branches. Due
to the hardness, elasticity and toughness of it came to be used in increasing
proportions.
But it has a big disadvantage: a low resistance to corrosion in both
exterior and interior environments. For this reason it is essential to prevent
corrosion and has become a major problem these days.
A method of anti corrosive protection is hot dip galvanizing. This
solution is used in increasing proportions due to long-term savings and low
maintenance cost offered by it.
Keywords: zinc, galvanizing, steel, iron
Cuvinte cheie: zincare, zincare termică, oţel, fontă

67 ZINCAREA TERMICĂ – O TEHNOLOGIE MODERNĂ


20-68 INFLUENŢA IMPURITĂŢILOR METALICE ÎN PRACTICA ZINCĂRII ACIDE CU CLORURI

THE INFLUENCE OF METAL IMPURITIES
IN CHLORIDE ACID ZINC COATING
The paper present the some defects caused by impurities, acid zinc
coating occurred in practice, defects can be fixed depending on the nature of
the case, reversible reactions, or the time of referral. Conclusions drawn from
the study of the influence of metal impurities. Like all plating baths, acidic
galvanizing bath is very sensitive to metal pollution and aggressive foreign
electrolyte greatly increases the risk of such pollution. Particular attention
should be given to measures to avoid the intake of foreign metal galvanizing
bath and their immediate disposal, where their presence is found.
Keywords: zinc, anode, additives, pollution
Cuvinte cheie: zincare, anod, aditivi, poluare

68 INFLUENŢA IMPURITĂŢILOR METALICE


20-69 SOLUŢII MODERNE PENTRU VIBROIZOLAREA CIOCANELOR DE FORJARE

MODERN SOLUTIONS FOR HAMMERS FORGING
VIBROIZOLATION
The work present general problematic of the forging hammers impact
with environment and some solutions that may reduce theirs negative
consequences.
Keywords: hammer, vibroizolare, box spring, damping
Cuvinte cheie: ciocan, vibroizolare, cutii cu arc, amortizare

69 SOLUŢII MODERNE PENTRU VIBROIZOLAREA


20-70 MĂSURĂTORI ALE VIBRAŢIILOR PRODUSE DE UN CIOCAN DE FORJĂ Simona Camelia ŞARAMET, Mariana ARGHIR

MEASUREMENTS OF VIBRATIONS PRODUCED
BY A FORGE HAMMER
In this study is presented some measurements and computer data
acquisition system. It is presented the steps of experiments and measurements
on the human subject in the technological flow during forging hammer.
The results of measurements were presented processing, graphics
and conclusions.
Keywords: vibration, forging hammers, measurements
Cuvinte cheie: vibraţii, ciocane de forjat, măsurători

70 MĂSURĂTORI ALE VIBRAŢIILOR PRODUSE


20-71 STAND PENTRU DETERMINAREA EXPERIMENTALĂ A COMPORTARII DINAMICE ÎN DOMENIUL TIMP A MOTOARELOR HIDRAULICE ROTATIVE

STAND FOR EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINING OF THE
DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF THE ROTATOR HYDRAULIC
ACUATORS IN TIME FIELD
The paper presents a testing stand for experimental determining of the
dynamic behavior of the rotator hydraulic actuators, in time field, as execution
elements which are finding in the composition of the hydro mechanic
equipments. There are presented the conceptual schema of the stand, the
components of the stand and, finally, there are presented some experimental
results, which contain the graphical variation of the main dynamic parameters.
Keywords: test bench, experimental research, rotary engines, dynamic
behavior, sensors and transducers, data acquisition
Cuvinte cheie: stand de testare, cercetare experimentală, motoare
hidraulice rotative, comportare dinamică, senzori şi traductoare, achiziţie date

71 STAND PENTRU DETERMINAREA EXPERIMENTALĂ A


20-72 STAND PENTRU DETERMINAREA EXPERIMENTALĂ A COMPORTĂRII DINAMICE ÎN DOMENIUL TIMP A MOTOARELOR HIDRAULICE LINIARE

STAND FOR EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINING OF THE
DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR OF THE LINEAR HYDRAULIC
ACUATORS IN TIME FIELD
The paper presents a testing stand for experimental determining of the
dynamic behavior of the linear hydraulic actuators, in time field, as execution
elements which are finding in the composition of the hydro mechanic
equipments. There are presented the conceptual schema of the stand, the
components of the stand and, finally, there are presented some experimental
results, which contain the graphical variation of the main dynamic parameters.
Keywords: test bench, experimental research, hydraulic motors, linear,
dynamic behavior, sensors and transducers, data acquisition
Cuvinte cheie: stand de testare, cercetare experimentală, motoare
hidraulice liniare, comportare dinamică, senzori şi traductoare, achiziţie date

72 STAND PENTRU DETERMINAREA EXPERIMENTALĂ A


20-73 ANALIZA CU AJUTORUL UNUI SUPRACATALIZATOR VOSGES, A INFLUENŢEI CÂMPULUI MAGNETIC ASUPRA ARDERII ÎNTR-O CENTRALĂ TERMICĂ

ANALYSIS USING A VOSGES CATALYST SUPRA,
INFLUENCED OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD
ON BURNING IN A CENTRAL HEATING
The paper presents analysis of the magnetic field influences with
Vosges super catalyst on the parameters of the process of burning in a boiler.
Following the attempts made to result in a significant drop in gas consumption
and reduced emissions. We have also measured the time needed to heat two
liters of water, noticing a reduction of it.
Keywords: magnetic field, supercatalizator, gas, burning, boiler
Cuvinte cheie: câmp magnetic, supercatalizator, gaz, ardere, centrală termică

73 ANALIZA CU AJUTORUL UNUI SUPRACATALIZATOR


20-74 BIOETANOL

BIOETHANOL
There is no across the board homogeneity in the ethanol market. Not
only is there a two-tiered trade in ethanol in terms of sustainability, but fuel
alcohol specifications also vary across the Community. In some member states,
denatured product can be used for the manufacture of fuel ethanol, while in
others, it has to be indentured.
Keywords: ethanol, bioethanol, produced denatured, fuel, cars
Cuvinte cheie: etanol, bioetanol, produs denaturat, carburant,
automobil

74 BIOETANOL


20-75 DETERMINAREA CARACTERISTICILOR FIZICOCHIMICE ALE BIOCOMBUSTIBILILOR PE BAZĂ DE ULEI ALIMENTAR UZAT, ÎN AMESTEC CU MOTORINA

THE DETERMINATION OF THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL
BIOFUEL WHITH FUEL BASED OF USED COOKING OIL IN
COMBINED WITH DIESEL
Mentioning that low caloric power of biofuel based of used cooking oil
(36867 kJ/kg) is inferior to diesel (41800 kJ/kg) it was trying partial replace of
diesel with monoester from used cooking oil regarding the mainteining of the
engine power concomitent with the drop of the polluants from exaust gases.
Folowing this, after the fabrication and setting up of the optim recepy of biofuel
from used cooking oil, it was done the mix of biofuel and diesel, in different
proportion, wich are label related to basic material, beeing experimental
determinated the densieties and cinemati viscocieties of new fuels, compared
with diesel, at temperatures between 580 0C. It was detected a growing of
density and viscosity of fuel based of used cooking oil compared with diesel
around 3,148 % and 26,44 % on the whole scale of trying temperatures.
Keywords: compression-ignition engines, biodiesel, density, viscosity
Cuvinte cheie: motor cu aprindere prin comprimare, biodiesel,
densitate, viscozitate

75 DETERMINAREA CARACTERISTICILOR FIZICOCHIMICE


20-76 EVALUAREA DISTANŢEI DE SIGURANŢĂ DINTRE AUTOVEHICULE LA DESPRINDEREA DIN COLOANĂ, ÎN VEDEREA DEPĂŞIRII

EVALUATING THE SAFETY DISTANCE BETWEEN
VEHICLES WHEN INITIATING THE OVERTAKE
Depending of frequent variants meet in the overtake driving practice, it
is emphasized the influence of the driver’s time reaction and of the vehicles
speed on minimum safety distance when initiating the overtake.
Keywords: driver reaction time, distance, safety, performance
exceeded
Cuvinte cheie: conducător auto, timp de reacţie, distanţă de siguranţă,
efectuarea depăşirii

76 EVALUAREA DISTANŢEI DE SIGURANŢĂ DINTRE


20-77 STUDIU DE CAZ ASUPRA SISTEMELOR DE RECUPERARE A ENERGIEI LA FRÂNARE, UTILIZATE ÎN CAZUL AUTOVEHICULELOR HIBRIDE

CASE STUDY ON SYSTEMS BRAKING ENERGY
RECOVERY USED IN HYBRID VEHICLES
In this work are presented the main characteristics of regenerative
brake systems used on hybrid and electric cars. The main points in these
systems are studied functional characteristics in the specific case of a midsize
car with the parallel-hybrid system.
Keywords: hybrid system, electric car
Cuvinte cheie: sistem hibrid, automobil electric

77 STUDIU DE CAZ ASUPRA SISTEMELOR DE


20-78 SISTEME DE PROPULSIE HIBRIDE SOLUŢIE DE UTILIZARE EFICIENTĂ A ENERGIEI DISPONIBILE PE AUTOVEHICULELE RUTIERE

HYBRID PROPULSION SYSTEMS AN EFFICENT
SOLUTION FOR ON –BOARD AUTO VEHICLE ENERGY
The paper summarizes the main solution for improving the motor
vehicle fuel economy. The analyzed solutions are: transmission efficiency
improvement, idle shut off, driving resistance improvement, load point
deflection, regenerative braking, and exhaust gases energy recovery.
The potential of each solution is then use to demonstrate the
advantages of hybrid propulsion systems. It is shown that, for a mild-hybrid
passenger car, it is possible to achieve a 16 to 28 % cumulate fuel economy
improvement.
Keywords: engine, energy, automotive, car, efficiency, fuel
Cuvinte cheie: motor, energie, autovehicule, automobile, randament,
combustibil

78 SISTEME DE PROPULSIE HIBRIDE


20-79 AUTOMOBILE ELECTRICE – Partea I

ELECTRIC CARS – Part I
In recent years, in all countries, urban transport pose specific
problems and produce significant damage to political, social and environmental
(pollution, noise, and stress). The best solution to problems of environmental
pollution is electric vehicle (EV) as an alternative means of transport.
Electric car is a vehicle that uses an electric motor as a drive with
electric power from a source, usually battery. The major advantages of electric
car are fuel economy, pollution near zero outside production, efficiency/high
yield, instant acceleration, very low noise, easy maintenance by eliminating
much of the classic motor car. High price and low autonomy are barriers to the
success of such vehicles. Over nearly two decades, 86 % of cars in circulation
will be powered by conventional motors. However, they have several
disadvantages. Major disadvantages are high cost, relatively high load time,
lifetime low of about 3-5 years, reduced autonomy max. 300 km. Batteries are
reducing capacity by 50 % or more at temperatures below 10 0C and above 40
0C and tend to overheat and even explode under certain conditions. In 1996,
the first serial production electric car, EV1 (Electric Vehicle 1), were
manufactured in the U.S. by General Motors, and circulated on California
roads. Although General Motors has built and launched on the market between
the years 1996-1999 the first electric car, EV1 was withdrawn and recycled to
pressure oil companies and the argument of lack of market demand.
Lithium batteries have been proposed for the first time in 70 years, but
their sale started only after 20 years. Lithium is a metallic substance such as
highly volatile and corrosive, which reacts violently with many other substances.
Corrosive properties of lithium are strongly enhanced with increasing
temperature, leading to accelerated oxidation coatings and the membranes that
separate the battery components, leading eventually to irreversible damage.
Much lighter than regular batteries, rechargeable, usually made of nickel
components with better performance and longer life Li-ion cells were deejay Li-
553
ion cells have been used for proper laptops and mobile phones. Using lithium
batteries to power electric vehicles involves ensuring some form of Li ion
batteries, many experts feel that the technology is ready for the first generation
of electric vehicles. The year 2008 is the de facto beginning of the era in allelectric
vehicle range. This year she has launched various marketing concepts
battery with a relatively high yield and affordable. Thus, it is expected that by
2010-2015 an electric car can be manufactured on a large scale performance
series at a price close to the price of petrol cars.
Keywords: electric cars, history, advantages, disadvantages, power
electric vehicles
Cuvinte cheie: automobile electrice, istoric, avantaje, dezavantaje,
alimentarea autovehiculelor electrice

79 AUTOMOBILE ELECTRICE – Partea I


20-80 AUTOMOBILE ELECTRICE – Partea a II-a

ELECTRIC CARS – Part II
The best solution to problems of environmental pollution is electric
vehicle (EV) as an alternative means of transport. Electric car is a vehicle that
uses an electric motor as a drive with electric power from a source, usually
battery. Over nearly two decades, 86 % of cars in circulation will be powered by
conventional motors. The year 2008 is the de facto beginning of the era in allelectric
vehicle range. This year she has launched various marketing concepts
battery with a relatively high yield and affordable. Thus, it is expected that by
2010-2015 an electric car can be manufactured on a large scale performance
series at a price close to the price of petrol cars. A study by University of
California at Berkeley shows that about 86 % of cars running on the streets will
be electric in 2030. The percentage is subject to the emergence of centres of
charge or change batteries developed globally so far. Automakers shift to
electric car, because, they say, is the solution to this deadlock international
profile of the industry.
It presents – in short characterization – some electric cars (or hybrid) of
some car manufacturers and world renowned specialist on such cars: Nissan,
Renault, Renault Nissan Alliance, Miles, Myers, Aptera, Phoenix, Shelby,
Mitsubishi, Peugeot, Continental, Johnson Controls, Saft, Tesla (Tesla
Roadster 2008) Phoenix Motors (U.S. SUV Phoenix, Phoenix SUT 2008),
Lightning (Lightning GT fastest UK electric car far without recharging 2008/700
CP/400 km/1-100 km/h in 4 seconds/price about euro 220,000), General
Motors (Chevrolet Volt U.S.), Toyota (JP), Mercedes (Germany), Opel
(Germany – Amper, 2011), Citroen (France Citroën C Zero, 2010) etc.
Keywords: electric cars, Nissan, Renault, Renault Nissan Alliance, Miles,
Myers, Aptera, Phoenix, Shelby, Mitsubishi, Peugeot, Phoenix Motors etc.
Cuvinte cheie: automobile electrice, Nissan, Renault, Renault Nissan Alliance,
Miles, Myers, Aptera, Phoenix, Shelby, Mitsubishi, Peugeot, Phoenix Motors etc.

80 AUTOMOBILE ELECTRICE – Partea a II-a


20-81 CERCETĂRI EXPERIMENTALE PRIVIND COMPORTAREA ÎN PLINĂ SARCINĂ A MOTORULUI SUPRAALIMENTAT MIXT

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH CONCERNING THE FULL
CHARGED OVERSUPPLIED MIXED ENGINE
In this paper we present the research performed on the full charged
6LDA engine on the DHC 1250 CP locomotives.
Keywords: turbocharger mixed, resonance tube
Cuvinte cheie: supraalimentare mixtă, tub de rezonanţă

81 CERCETĂRI EXPERIMENTALE PRIVIND


20-82 CAPTATOR AERODINAMIC AXIAL PENTRU AUTOCAMIOANE

AXIAL STREAMLINED COLLECTOR FOR ROAD-TRUCKS
This work presents the achievement of a monitoring, recording,
processing and interpretation concept, at laboratory scale, of the pressure
along the intake manifold equipped with an axial streamlined collector for roadtrucks.
Keywords: wind sensor, intake, truck
Cuvinte cheie: captator aerodinamic, admisie, autocamion

82 CAPTATOR AERODINAMIC AXIAL PENTRU


20-83 CERCETAREA EROZIUNII PRIN CAVITAŢIE ÎN LABORATORUL DE MAŞINI HIDRAULICE DIN TIMIŞOARA

LA RECHERCHE SUR L’ÉROSION DE CAVITATION
DANS LE LABORATOIRE DE MACHINES
HYDRAULIQUES DE TIMISOARA
Le but de l’ouvrage est la promouvoir des capacités de recherche de
la résistance et le comportement pour les différents types de matériaux, utilisés
principalement dans la fabrication d’équipements hydrauliques, à l’érosion de
cavitation. En ce sens, sont présentées les appareils utilisées pour l’étude, les
photomicrographies significatives pour les dommages produites par cavitation,
des paramètres et les courbes spécifiques qui sont utilisées pour analyser le
matériel testé, du point de vue de son comportement pendant de la cavitation.
Keywords: cavitation erosion, vibration machine, material testing,
erosion parameter, characteristic curves
Cuvinte cheie: eroziunea prin cavitaţie, aparat vibrator, material testat,
parametru eroziune, curbe caracteristice

83 CERCETAREA EROZIUNII PRIN CAVITAŢIE ÎN


20-84 CONTROL PREDICTIV MULTIVARIABIL AL UNUI ELICOPTER COAXIAL ÎN MINIATURĂ

MULTIVARIABLE PREDICTIVE CONTROL OF A
MINIATURE COAXIAL HELICOPTER
In this paper two movements, strongly coupled, of a coaxial helicopter
are controlled using a multivariable control algorithm. On such a helicopter four
movements (yaw, altitude, pitch and roll) can be controlled with four actuators.
Using models liberalized around the hover position, for yaw and altitude, a
multivariable control algorithm was developed. Further, some simulation results
are presented and finally some advantages of using such a technique are
emphasized.
Keywords: multivariable control, predictive control
Cuvinte cheie: control multivariabil, control predictiv

84 CONTROL PREDICTIV MULTIVARIABIL AL UNUI


20-85 ELIMINAREA PIERDERILOR UTILIZÂND TEHNICILE DE FABRICAŢIE LEAN

WASTE ELIMINATION UTILISING LEAN
MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES
This paper presents the necessity of knowing and applying of Lean
concept for today Manufacturing. Lean represents a concept, already used whit
certain benefit in manufacturing industry. The paper presents a synthesis of the
characteristics that define this concept, methods of application and some
significant results. One of the goals of this article is to provide to the readers the
informational resources for learning about possible implementation of Lean and
Just in time systems and the benefits derived from these process conversions.
Some possibilities of application of Lean concept in mass production are
analyzed.
Keywords: Lean manufacturing production concept, the system just in
time, pull/kanban, total productive maintenance
Cuvinte cheie: conceptul de producţie Lean manufacturing, sistemul
exact în timp, Pull/Kanban, mentenanţa productivă totală

85 ELIMINAREA PIERDERILOR UTILIZÂND


20-86 GRUP COMBINAT DE ACŢIONARE PENTRU ROBOSCAN

COMBINED DRIVE SYSTEM FOR ROBOSCAN
This paper presents a new drive system for the award winning
ROBOSCAN, which is the only mobile Gamma scanner in the world. To ensure
the low speed high torque needed for the scanning process, a new drive
system needs to be implemented. The proposed solution is a new drive system
with a hydrostatic transmission for the work movement and a mechanical
transmission for driving between locations. Being a new system, testing was
done to define its characteristics. By doing this the testing methods were
perfected.
Keywords: hydrostatic transmission, continuously variable
transmission, the group combined mechanical-hydraulic, mobile applications
Cuvinte cheie: transmisie hidrostatică, transmisie continuu variabilă,
grup combinat mecano-hidraulic, aplicaţii mobile

86 GRUP COMBINAT DE ACŢIONARE


20-87 STUDIUL PREDICTIV AL ANGRENAJELOR DIN MAȘINI-UNELTE

PREDICTIVE STUDY OF MACHINE-TOOLS GEARS
This paper is designed to offer a better understanding of the need for
predictive maintenance for safe operation of machine-tools and minimizing idle
time and reducing repair costs. The ultimate goal of predictive maintenance is
the implementation of maintenance works „when appropriate” before the
equipment is damaged during the operation.
Keywords: mechanical vibration, gears, machine tools, predictive
Cuvinte cheie: vibraţii mecanice, angrenaje, masini-unelte, predicţie

87 STUDIUL PREDICTIV AL ANGRENAJELOR


20-88 O METODĂ DE PROIECTARE A ANGRENAJELOR ELICOIDALE

A HELICAL GEAR DESIGN METHODOLOGY
Within the writing there is structured a cylindrical helical gear design
methodology, starting from the theme elements, passing the resistance pre
seizing, geometrical calculation, geometry verification in connection to limit
conditions for generation and gearing, up to resistance calculation test.
Key words: helical gears, involutes crossed, helical gears
Cuvinte cheie: viteze elicoidale, evolventă, angrenaje elicoidale

88 O METODĂ DE PROIECTARE A


20-89 MOBILITATEA CUPLAJEROR DINŢATE ALE POMPELOR CU CAVITĂŢI PROGRESIVE (PCP)

MOBILITY OF PROGRESSIVE CAVITY PUMPS
(PCP) GEAR COUPLINGS
The writing represents a study on the angular mobility of the toothed
surfaces used for the progressive cavity pumps (PCP), in the transmission from
the drive shaft to the pump rotor: the teeth bulging and the play between the
flanks, the contact conditions of the teeth based on the blocking contour of an
inner gear with zero tooth number difference.
Keywords: gear couplings, progressive cavity pumps (PCP)
Cuvinte cheie: cuplaje dinţate, pompe cu cavităţi progresive (PCP)

89 MOBILITATEA CUPLAJEROR DINŢATE ALE


20-90 ASPECTE ENERGETICE LA ALEGEREA UNEI ANTRENĂRI ELECTROMECANICE

ENERGETIC ASPECTS AT THE CHOICE OF AN
ELECTROMECHANICAL DRIVE
This paper estimates an important criterion regarding the choice of an
electromechanical drive: energetic efficiency. The efficiency of the driving
system is analysed taking into account the transformer and power network,
frequency converter, motor, a belt transmission, a gearbox and the coupling
between the gearbox and the driven machine.
Keywords: gear motor, reducer, return, choosing a life coach,
electromechanical
Cuvinte cheie: motoreductor, reductor, randament, alegerea unei
antrenări electromecanice

90 ASPECTE ENERGETICE LA ALEGEREA


20-91 STUDIUL FORŢELOR ŞI A EFICIENŢEI ÎN ANGRENAJUL MELC-ROATǍ PLANǍ

THE STUDY OF FORCES AND EFFICIENCY IN
WORM-FACE GEAR DRIVE
This paper presents a study of forces and efficiency determination for
a particular worm-face gear drive in which the worm is of ZK1-type. The study
is strictly limited to formulas determination for axially, radially and separation
forces, as well as, for gear drive efficiency. These characteristics allow for
better gear drives design, as well as, for their performance improvement.
Keywords: worm gear wheel surface, strength and efficiency
Cuvinte cheie: angrenaj melc-roată plană, forţe şi eficienţă

91 STUDIUL FORŢELOR ŞI A EFICIENŢEI ÎN


20-94 FREZELE MELC PENTRU DANTURAREA ROŢILOR CICLOIDALE CU PROFILURI TEORETIC EXACTE ALE DINŢILOR – TEORIE ŞI TEHNOLOGIE DE EXECUŢIE (I)

HOBS FOR TOOTING THE CYCLOIDAL GEAR WITH
EXACT PROFILE OF THE TOOTH AND
MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY (I)
The paper presnts the theory and manufacturing technology of hobsfor
toothing the cycloidal gear with exact profile of the tooth.
Keywords: worm gear cutters exact cycloidal tooth profiles
Cuvinte cheie: freze melc pentru angrenaje cicloidale cu profiluri
exacte ale dinţilor

94 FREZELE MELC PENTRU DANTURAREA ROŢILOR


20-95 FREZELE MELC PENTRU DANTURAREA ROŢLOR CICLOIDALE CU PROFILURI TEORETIC EXACTE ALE DINŢILOR – TEORIE ŞI TEHNOLOGIE DE EXECUŢIE (II)

HOBS FOR TOOTING THE CYCLOIDAL GEAR WITH
EXACT PROFILE OF THE TOOTH AND
MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY (II)
The paper presnts the theory and manufacturing technology of
hobsfor toothing the cycloidal gear with exact profile of the tooth.
Keywords: worm gear cutters exact cycloidal tooth profiles
Cuvinte cheie: freze melc pentru angrenaje cicloidale cu profiluri
exacte ale dinţilor

95 FREZELE MELC PENTRU DANTURAREA ROŢLOR


20-96 APLICARE A MELCULUI GENERATOR PENTRU MANUFACTURAREA ROŢII FRONTALE LA ANGRENAJUL PINION CILINDRIC-ROATǍ FRONTALǍ (I)

GENERATOR WORM APPLICATION FOR MANUFACTURING
OF FACE GEAR FOR FACE GEAR DRIVE (I)
The paper presents the application of generator worm for
manufacturing of face gear for face drive.
Keywords: worm generator
Cuvinte cheie: melc generator

96 APLICARE A MELCULUI GENERATOR PENTRU


20-97 APLICARE A MELCULUI GENERATOR PENTRU MANUFACTURAREA ROŢII FRONTALE LA ANGRENAJUL PINION CILINDRIC-ROATǍ FRONTALǍ (II)

GENERATOR WORM APPLICATION FOR MANUFACTURING
OF FACE GEAR FOR FACE GEAR DRIVE (II)
The paper presents the application of generator worm for
manufacturing of face gear for face drive.
Keywords: worm generator
Cuvinte cheie: melc generator

97 APLICARE A MELCULUI GENERATOR PENTRU


20-98 APLICARE A MELCULUI GENERATOR PENTRU MANUFACTURAREA ROŢII FRONTALE LA ANGRENAJUL PINION CILINDRIC-ROATǍ FRONTALǍ (III)

The paper presents the application of generator worm for
manufacturing of face gear for face drive.
Keywords: worm generator
Cuvinte cheie: melc generator

97 APLICARE A MELCULUI GENERATOR PENTRU


20-99 POSIBILTǍŢI DE EXECUŢIE A FREZELOR MELC CONICE LA S.C. SCULǍRIA SRL CUGIR (I)

MANUFACTURING POSSIBILITY OF CONICAL HOB
AT S.C. SCUǍRIA SRL CUGIR (I)
The paper presents manufacturing possibility of conical hob for tooting
the Klingelnberg-Palloid bevel gear.
Keywords: snail tapering drill
Cuvinte cheie: frezǎ melc conicǎ

99 POSIBILTǍŢI DE EXECUŢIE A FREZELOR MELC


20-100 POSIBILTǍŢI DE EXECUŢIE A FREZELOR MELC CONICE LA S.C. SCULǍRIA SRL CUGIR (II)

MANUFACTURING POSSIBILITY OF CONICAL HOB
AT S.C. SCUǍRIA SRL CUGIR (II)
The paper presents manufacturing possibility of conical hob for tooting
the Klingelnberg-Palloid bevel gear.
Keywords: snail tapering drill
Cuvinte cheie: frezǎ melc conicǎ

100 POSIBILTǍŢI DE EXECUŢIE A FREZELOR MELC


20-101 CONSIDERAŢII ASUPRA UZURII TEHNICE DE ADERENŢĂ

CONSIDERATIONS SUR L’USURE TECHNIQUE
D’ADHÉRENCE
Le travail présente quelques considérations sur l’usure d’adhérence,
avec référence aux pompes des machines pour la protection des plantes. La
modification de la qualité des surfaces au cours d’un mouvement relatif par
l’intervention d’un facteur chimique des substances pompées, amène, assez
souvent, au blocage, par apparition de l’usure d’adhérence. Au début, on a fait
une classification générale des usures et on a donné les principaux paramètres
qui caractérisent l’usure d’adhérence. On a donné après, la loi de base de
l’usure d’adhérence et quelques considérations sue le coefficient de l’usure
d’adhérence. Avec des essais complexes, dans des conditions
d’environnement et de sollicitations diverses, on peut établir des algorithmes de
calcul du niveau de l’usure d’adhérence, le plus proche de la réalité.
Mots-clés: usure adhésive, l’usure à vitesse moyenne, l’intensité de
l’usure ou le taux d’usure, usure spécifique, l’usure relative, coefficient d’usure,
résistance à l’usure, le risque
Cuvinte cheie: uzura de aderenţă, viteză medie de uzură, intensitatea
uzurii sau ritmul uzurii, uzură specifică, uzură relativă, coeficient de uzură,
rezistenţă la uzură, risc

101 CONSIDERAŢII ASUPRA UZURII TEHNICE