Gabriela OPRINA


29-46 OPTIMIZAREA FUNCȚIONĂRII UNEI PRIZE DE APĂ ECOLOGICE PRIN TESTAREA UNUI MODEL LA SCARĂ REDUSĂ

ECOLOGICAL WATER INTAKE OPTIMIZATION BY SMALL
SCALE MODELLING
The main objective of the paper is to demonstrate the efficiency of an
ecological water intake by optimizing its operation using experimental modelling
techniques. The tests have been performed on a dedicated small scale model
integrated in a specially design testing flume.
This paper presents the general considerations regarding the ecological
intakes for Mountain Rivers and focuses on identifying design methods suitable
for performance increasing. A simplified prototype installation was designed
starting from the patented sand-less ecological intake. Based on this design, a
1:10 small scale model was developed and installed in a dedicated stand. It
was possible to determine the water speed, the flow from the main channel and
the captured flow in different testing conditions, by using specific measuring
equipment and methods. The obtained results were transposed to the prototype
installation by applying Froude similarity criteria, proving to be useful to the
elaboration of the main design parameters for water intakes.
Keywords: water intakes, Mountain Rivers, experimental model, similarity
Cuvinte cheie: prize de apă, râuri de munte, model experimental,
similitudine

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25-60 VARIAŢIA COEFICIENTULUI DE DEBIT LA ORIFICII MICI CU VÂSCOZITATEA ŞI TENSIUNEA SUPERFICIALĂ

THE VARIATION OF SMALL ORIFICES DISCHARGE
WITH VISCOSITY AND SUPERFICIAL TENSION
This paper presents a synthesis of theoretical and experimental
results concerning the discharge coefficient of hydraulic orifices and its
dependence on Reynolds number for the case of fluids with known physical
properties. The experimental researches performed in laboratory emphasize
the influence of superficial tension and viscosity on the discharge through a
small orifice of 3 mm diameter. For the investigated range of superficial
tensions and viscosities (σ = (23 ÷ 80) ·10-3 N/m and η = (1.1 ÷ 910)·10-3 Pa·s),
there was found a linear dependence of discharge on lg Re and lg100We.
Keywords: orifice, discharge coefficient, superficial tension, viscosity
Cuvinte cheie: orificii, coeficient de debit, tensiune superficială,
vâscozitate
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