Diana IORGA

MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR SLUDGES FROM
WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS
The overall objective of a sludge management strategy should be to find
outlets for the sludge which are safe, environmentally acceptable, secure and
economic. The options for treatment and use or disposal are complex even for
a single treatment works and more so if, as is often the case, a treatment and
disposal strategy is required for a number of works on a regional basis.
Cuvinte cheie: deseu, nămol, apă uzată, reducere

18 STRATEGII DE MANAGEMENT PENTRU

BIOETHANOL
There is no across the board homogeneity in the ethanol market. Not
only is there a two-tiered trade in ethanol in terms of sustainability, but fuel
alcohol specifications also vary across the Community. In some member states,
denatured product can be used for the manufacture of fuel ethanol, while in
others, it has to be indentured.
Keywords: ethanol, bioethanol, produced denatured, fuel, cars
Cuvinte cheie: etanol, bioetanol, produs denaturat, carburant,
automobil

74 BIOETANOL

SUSTAINABILITY – ASSESSMENT CRITERIA FOR
BIO-BASED PRODUCTS
In recent years the societal pressure to address the issues of climate
change and fossil resources ineluctable depletion has significantly increased.
The main reason of the recent interest in bio-based products is due to the origin
of the materials (wholly or partly derived from biomass) and the development of
new functionalities of the final products. The use of bio based raw materials
could be beneficial with reference to two current problems: fossil resources
depletion and climate change. Efficient use of all available resources and
responsible utilization of renewable carbon is a way to participate to this
reduction.
The currently available biomass is consumed in different segments:
food and feed production, power and heat generation, biofuel production and
industrial applications.
Cuvinte cheie: biomasă, produse de origine biologică, criterii de
durabilitate
Keywords: biomass, bio based products, sustainability criteria

28 DEZVOLTARE DURABILĂ – CRITERII DE EVALUARE PENTRU PRODUSELE DE ORIGINE BIOLOGICĂ

NEW STANDARDS ON SUSTAINABILITY CRITERIA
FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOFUELS
Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Commission on the promotion
of the use of energy from renewable sources, incorporates an advanced
binding sustainability scheme for biofuels and bioliquids for the European
market. Both the EC and CEN agreed that standards may play an important
role in the implementation of the EU biofuel and bioliquid sustainability scheme.
Cuvinte cheie: surse regenerabile, criterii de durabilitate, biocarburant,
biolichid, biomasă
Keywords: renewable sources, sustainability criteria, biofuel and
bioliquid, biomass

14 NOI STANDARDE REFERITOARE LA CRITERII