Valeriu Nicolae PANAITESCU


35-75 EFECTELE VENTILAȚIEI MECANICE LONGITUDINALE ASUPRA MIȘCĂRII FUMULUI DEGAJAT DE UN INCENDIU ÎNTR-UN TUNEL DE METROU

EFFECTS OF LONGITUDINAL MECHANICAL VENTILATION ON THE FIRE SMOKE MOVEMENT IN A SUBWAY TUNNEL

The smoke and toxic gases released from a subway fire contain a number of harmful elements to the human body. Thus, long-term smoke exposure is the main cause of the large number of casualties in such an event. To protect the lives of people caught by a fire in the subway, it is necessary to use smoke evacuation systems. Thus, longitudinal mechanic ventilation systems can be used. During the use of these systems, the smoke movement inside the tunnel is characterized by phenomena such as backlayering, reverse flow or bifurcation flow.

Keywords: smoke movement, subway station, backlayering, reverse flow, bifurcation flow Cuvinte cheie: mișcarea fumului, stație de metrou, intoarcerea stratului de fum, inversarea fluxului, fluxul de bifurcatie

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35-76 ASPECTE PRIVIND MIȘCAREA FUMULUI GENERAT DE INCENDIU ÎN STAȚIILE DE METROU

ASPECTS OF FIRE SMOKE MOUVEMENT IN SUBWAY STATION

The development of computer applications in the field of fluid dynamics has led to increased numerical fire simulations in underground stations, tunnels or underground structures. From a constructive point of view, the subway stations are characterized by large openings, by which they enter sufficient amounts of air, which can, in the case of a fire, either to feed with oxygen combustion or to contribute to the evacuation of smoke. When a fire is held in a subway station, the amount of smoke emitted usually floods the subway station or the tunnel (depending on the place of the fire outbreak), including the evacuation routes of passengers. This leads to reduced visibility and can cause deaths from smoke intoxication. Thus, one of the main concerns is the protection of the escape stairs from the danger represented by the smoke emitted from the fire. On the other hand, it is essential that firefighters reach as close as possible to the fire outbreak and extinguish it.

Keywords: smoke movement, subway station, experiments and numerical studies, safety evacuation Cuvinte cheie: mișcarea fumului, stație de metrou, experimente și studii numerice, evacuare în condiții de siguranță

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34-55 EFICIENTIZAREA STAȚIILOR DE EPURARE. STUDIU DE CAZ: SEAU CONSTANȚA NORD

STREAMLINE OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT.
CASE STUDY: CONSTANTA NORD WWTP
This paper aims to present the present situation of the waste water treatment plant and methods to efficiency what is available to present day. Really there are many methods that may be possible but not always at the disposal of treatment plants. This is the struggle all sewage treatment faces in the continuing need to have as much money as possible to make this activity more attractive.
Keywords: waste water treatment plant, streamline, energy
Cuvinte cheie: instalație de tratare a apelor reziduale, eficiență energetică

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34-45 VIZUALIZARE SECVENȚIALĂ A PROCESULUI DE FORMARE A DOPULUI DE GHEAȚĂ ÎN SECȚIUNEA DE TESTARE A UNEI CONDUCTE DE DIAMETRU MARE Partea a II-a

SEQUENTIAL VISUALISATION OF THE ICE PLUG DEVELOPPMENT PROCESS INSIDE THE TEST SECTION OF A LARGE DIAMETER PIPE – II
The technique of forming controlled ice plugs in pipe-line installations in order to isolate a section from the rest of the circuit is used for carrying out circuit maintenance or repair activities without shutting down the entire installation. Planning an intervention requires an estimation regarding the necessary time and quantity of liquid nitrogen to form an ice plug inside the pipe. They (along with the geometrical characteristics of the ice plug) depend on a series of specific factors. Using a video equipment to visualise the ice plug formation provides useful information useful process information regarding the ice layer deposition which can be used to develop calculus estimation for the required quantity of liquid nitrogen, for the process duration, and on a long term, to improve the freezing device configuration.
The paper then describes the convenience of visualizing the formation of ice plugs by studying the formation of the ice layers on the pipe inner wall.
Key words: isolating a pipe-line section, visualizing the forming of ice layers
Cuvinte cheie: izolarea unui tronson de conductă, vizualizarea depunerii de gheaţă

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34-44 VIZUALIZARE SECVENȚIALĂ A PROCESULUI DE FORMARE A DOPULUI DE GHEAȚĂ ÎN SECȚIUNEA DE TESTARE A UNEI CONDUCTE DE DIAMETRU MARE Partea I-a

SEQUENTIAL VISUALISATION OF THE ICE PLUG DEVELOPPMENT PROCESS INSIDE THE TEST SECTION OF A LARGE DIAMETER PIPE – I
The technique of forming controlled ice plugs in pipe-line installations in order to isolate a section from the rest of the circuit is used for carrying out circuit maintenance or repair activities without shutting down the entire installation. Planning an intervention requires an estimation regarding the necessary time and quantity of liquid nitrogen to form an ice plug inside the pipe. They (along with the geometrical characteristics of the ice plug) depend on a series of specific factors. Using a video equipment to visualise the ice plug formation provides useful information useful process information regarding the ice layer deposition which can be used to develop a calculus estimation for the required quantity of liquid nitrogen, for the process duration, and on a long term, to improve the freezing device configuration.
The paper then describes the convenience of visualizing the formation of ice plugs by studying the formation of the ice layers on the pipe inner wall.
Key words: isolating a pipe-line section, visualizing the forming of ice layers
Cuvinte cheie: izolarea unui tronson de conductă, vizualizarea depunerii de gheaţă

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32-100 ELEMENTE DE CALCUL AL NECESARULUI DE AZOT PENTRU IZOLAREA CU DOP DE GHEAȚĂ A UNEI CONDUCTE ORIZONTALE DE DIAMETRU MARE

COMPUTATIONAL ELEMENTS FOR THE REQUIRED NITROGEN DURING THE ICE PLUG ISOLATION OF A HORIZONTAL HIGH DIAMETER PIPE-LINE
The technique of forming controlled ice plugs in pipe-line installations in order to isolate a section from the rest of the circuit is used for carrying out circuit maintenance or repair activities without shutting down the entire installation. Considering the results from a controlled test that has been carried out on a horizontal 300 mm nominal diameter pipe-line section, we elaborated a calculation model to reveal the quantity of required liquid nitrogen. It resulted consumption 50 % higher than the actual one. The difference comes from the approximations made for the ice plug dimensions in each stage of the process.
The paper then describes the convenience of visualizing the formation of ice plugs by studying the formation of the ice layers on the pipe inner wall.
Keywords: isolating a pipe-line section, visualizing the forming of ice layers
Cuvinte cheie: izolarea unui tronson de conductă, vizualizarea depunerii de gheaţă

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32-6 DETERMINAREA PARAMETRILOR REALI DE FUNCŢIONARE A HIDROAGREGATELOR DIN CENTRALELE DE MICĂ CĂDERE

DETERMINATION OF THE ACTUAL OPERATING PARAMETERS OF THE HYDRO UNITS OF A LOW HEAD HYDRO POWER PLANT

 

The paper presents the flow rate calculation and measurement methodology for a high flow/low head hydro power plant with upstream cofferdam recesses.

At the same time, the paper presents the results of the in situ measurements of the actual operating parameters of the hydropower units, especially of the flow rate measurements carried out on the hydropower units’ no.1 and no. 2 of Robeşti HPP. The measurements have been carried out in agreement with the provisions of CEI 41/1991 [4].

 

Keywords:  discharge, efficiency, current meter method, hydro unit

Cuvinte cheie: debit, randament, metoda moriştilor hidrometrice, hidroagregat

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30-72 DEPRESURIZAREA ATRIUMULUI ÎN CAZ DE INCENDIU

DEPRESSURIZATION OF THE ATRIUM
IN CASE OF FIRE
A greater architectural freedom becomes possible when the atrium
façade should not be sealed, even if its upper part is filled with smoke if the
atrium or the adjacent spaces have a fire. The methods described in this article
refer to all categories of construction, in which the classical methods,
mentioned in specialized legislation, cannot be applied.
Keywords: fire, smoke, atrium, depressurization, vent
Cuvinte cheie: incendiu, fum, atrium, depresurizare, ventilare

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30-69 ABORDAREA ZGOMOTULUI CA FACTOR DE RISC ÎN PROCESE DE PRODUCȚIE

APPROACH THE NOISE AS A RISK FACTOR IN THE
PRODUCTION PROCESS
Lucrarea prezintă o introducere de evaluare a impactului zgomotului,
luând în considerare atât percepția zgomotului obiectiv, transpusă în
reglementările naționale și europene, precum și diferiți factori non-obiectivi, în
funcție de sensibilitatea specifică umană. Ei sunt accent non – obiective
componente ale abordării de analiză a zgomotului, atât în domeniul percepției
specifice sunetului uman cât și în domeniul sunetului considerat ca o sursă de
disconfort, pe baza comportamentului cultural și de grup.
În cele din urmă, sunt prezentate câteva soluții pentru atenuarea impactului
zgomotului asupra persoanelor interesate.
Cuvinte cheie: zgomot, impact, influența percepției umane
Keywords: noise, impact, human perception influence

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30-65 IMPLICAȚIILE FINANCIARE ALE UNEI DEVERSĂRI DE PRODUS PETROLIER, ÎN INTERIORUL ACVATORIULUI PORTULUI MARITIM CONSTANȚA

THE FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF A DISCHARGE OF OIL
PRODUCT, INSIDE CONSTANTA SEA PORT AQUATORY
This paper aims to account the financial costs of collecting an
accidental oil spill by an oil tank in Constanta Sea Port aquatorium, due to a
technical failure occurred on its board.
Keywords: Pisces II simulator, pollution, oil
Cuvinte cheie: simulatorul Pisces II, poluare, produs petrolier

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29-67 O ÎNCERCARE DE OBTURARE CU DOP DE GHEAŢĂ A UNUI TRONSON DE CONDUCTĂ ORIZONTALĂ (DN 300 mm) STRĂBĂTUT DE APĂ DEMINERALIZATĂ

A CONTROLLED ICE PLUG FORMING EXPERIMENT
CONDUCTED ON A HORIZONTAL PIPE SECTION (NPS 12)
WITH DEMINERALIZED WATER FLOWING THROUGH
In a hydraulic pipe-line installation, isolating a horizontal section
requires forming one or two ice plugs in a controlled process. This technique is
used for carrying out circuit maintenance or component replacements without
shutting down the entire installation. In both cases, the ice plug (or both ice
plugs) must be maintained until completing the repair activities. This paper
describes an experiment conducted on a horizontal NPS 12 horizontal pipe
section and its sequences, followed by the results and conclusions. The paper
is dedicated to specialists working in research and technological engineering.
Key words: cutting-off the flow, ice deposit, demineralised water,
hydraulic resistance
Cuvinte cheie: oprirea curgerii, depunere de gheaţă, apă
demineralizata, rezistenţa hidraulică

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28-48 OPORTUNITATEA VIZUALIZĂRII FORMĂRII CONTROLATE A DOPULUI DE GHEAŢĂ PE UN TRONSON DE CONDUCTĂ ORIZONTALĂ

THE CONVENIECE OF VISUALISING THE CONTROLLED FORMATION OF ICE PLUGS IN HORIZONTAL PIPE-LINE SECTION
The technique of forming controlled ice plugs in pipe-line installations in order to isolate a section from the rest of the circuit is used for carrying out circuit maintenance or repair activities without shutting down the entire installation. The geometrical characteristics of the ice plug can vary from one test to another, depending on the conditions under which the test is being carried out and the events that occur during this time. Studying this process requires visualizing the forming of ice layers inside the pipe.
This paper describes the convenience of visualizing the formation of ice plugs by studying the effect of the events and interventions that occur during controlled tests that have been carried out in horizontal pipe-line sections.
Key words: isolating a pipe-line section, visualizing the forming of ice layers
Cuvinte cheie: izolarea unui tronson de conductă, vizualizarea depunerii de gheaţă

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28-36 CONSIDERAȚII PRIVIND PROGNOZA CONSUMULUI DE GAZE PRIN EXTRAPOLARE

CONSIDERATIONS ON PROGNOSIS GAS
CONSUMPTION BY EXTRAPOLATION
It is known that forecasts have a decisive contribution in the process of establishing long-term development strategies. This is happening, because in developing a strategy, we have to explore the future. This challenge becomes more important because of the accelerated pace of technical progress that has an essential role. The strategy for gas consumption should be preceded by developing predictions as accurate in time.
Keywords: energy, energy security, prognosis, mathematical modeling, extrapolation, natural gas consumption
Cuvinte cheie: energie, securitatea energetică, prognoză, modelare matematică, extrapolare, consumul de gaze naturale

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28-12 MODELUL MATEMATIC SIMPLIFICAT PENTRU VERIFICAREA DIMENSIONĂRII DESCHIDERILOR PENTRU EVACUARE A FUMULUI ÎN CAZ DE INCENDIU

THE SIMPLIFIED MATHEMATICAL MODEL TO VERIFY DIMENSIONING OF THE OPENINGS FOR SMOKE EVACUATION IN CASE OF FIRE
This article derives engineering equations used to calculate pressure differences across vents, as well as equations for calculating the mass flow of gases out through the vent, for several common enclosure fire scenarios. This gives information on the mass and energy balance and therefore allows calculation of such environmental consequences as hot gas temperature and smoke layer height.
Keywords: fire, smoke, ventilation, smoke vents
Cuvinte cheie: incendiu, fum, ventilare, trape de fum

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26-65 ÎNCERCĂRI DE FORMARE DOP DE GHEAŢĂ PE UN TRONSON DE CONDUCTĂ ORIZONTALĂ (cu Dn 200 mm) STRĂBĂTUT DE APĂ POTABILĂ

ATTEMPTS TO FORM ICE PLUG ON DRINKING/POTABLE WATER FLOWING THROUGH HORIZONTAL PIPE SECTION (of 200 mm nominal diameter)
In the hydraulic pipe-line installation, the cutting-off flow technique on a line (horizontal pipe) assumes to form an ice plug under controlled process or two ice plugs, for its isolation. On both cases the ice plug (or both ice plugs) is maintaining until completion of the maintenance / repair works made in circuit without shut-down installation. The paper describes a constructive and functional description of the experimental technological facilities followed by few sequences chosen from two tests carried out for potable water, and finally, the results and conclusions get. The paper is dedicated to specialist working in the research and technological engineering.
Keywords: cutting-off the flow, ice deposit, potable/drinking water, hydraulic resistance

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26-17 STADIUL ACTUAL AL CERCETĂRILOR EXPERIMENTALE EFECTUATE ASUPRA SQUATULUI NAVELOR MARITIME

CURRENT STATE OF RESEARCHES PERFORMED
ON SHIP SQUAT
In the recent years research efforts in ship hydromechanics are devoted to
the practical navigation problems in getting larger ships safely into existing
harbours, which are usually characterized by narrow and shallow waters.
This paper presents an analysis of the current state of researches on ship
squat, especially on ship models used to measure it.
Keywords: ship, squat, model, similarity
Cuvinte cheie: navă, squat, model, similitudine
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26-11 TEHNOLOGIE DE EPURARE BIOLOGICĂ CU TUBURI POROASE ŞI TUBURI CU MEMBRANĂ ELASTICĂ PERFORATĂ ȘI DIMENSIONAREA INSTALAȚIILOR DE AERARE

TECHNOLOGY FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT WITH
POROUS TUBE AERATORS AND ELASTIC PERFORATED
MEMBRANE TUBES OF THE BIOLOGICAL
WASTE WATER TREATMENT
The paper is to review and assess existing design procedures and provide
in-depth design information on critical features of the aeration process using Tube
aerators porous and elastic membrane tubes and key parameters affecting its
operation and performance that is typically available to the engineering community.
Since past decade, the old works started to be replaced with new technologies such
as those using tube aerators porous and elastic membrane tubes, especially for
industrial and municipal waste water treatment plants. This paper discusses the
theory, performance, design procedures, calculation and dimensioning of the
aeration using Tube aerators porous and elastic membrane tubes.
Keywords: aeration, porous tubes, tubes with elastic membrane, aeration
plants, wastewater, and wastewater treatment schemes
Cuvinte cheie: aerare, tuburi poroase, tuburi cu membrana elastică, instalații
de aerare, ape uzate, scheme de epurare
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26-9 ASPECTE TEHNICE REFERITOARE LA PROTECȚIA ÎMPOTRIVA INCENDIILOR PENTRU PROIECTAREA FAȚADELOR CU ALCĂTUIRE VENTILATĂ

TECHNICAL ISSUES RELATING TO FIRE PROTECTION
FOR THE DESIGN DOUBLE SKIN FACADES
Usually for a building with a multi-storeys double-skin facade, smoke
of a fire room escaping through the inner facade into the intermediate space
between the two skins may accumulate and spread horizontally and/or
vertically to other rooms that have openings connected to the intermediate
space for the purpose of natural ventilation.
Keywords: thermal insulation, ventilated façade, fire, smoke,
ventilation
Cuvinte cheie: izolare termică, fațadă ventilată, incendiu, fum, ventilare
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19-44 MANAGEMENTUL ÎNTREŢINERII SSCs PE BAZA EVALUĂRII RISCULUI ÎN UNITĂŢILE ENERGETICE

MANAGEMENT OF SSCs MAINTENANCE BASED
ON POWER UNITS RISK EVALUATION
The paper presents the specific elements related to maintenance
management of power units structures, systems and components (SSCs),
based on risk assessment (RBM) or reliability centred maintenance (RCM).
Also are included in the paper the specific steps to determine the significant
abnormal events.
The paper includes also the major aspects of probabilistic and
deterministic analyses, in order to evaluate the power units operation during
different status. Are also stated the characteristics related to identifying of
SSCs that need maintenance.
Keywords: maintenance, management, risk, significant events, energy
facilities, reliability, availability, operational risk, probabilistic analysis, PSA, risk
studies
Cuvinte cheie: întreţinere, management, risc, evenimente
semnificative, instalaţii energetice, fiabilitate, disponibilitate, risc în operare,
analize probabiliste, PSA, studii de risc

44 MANAGEMENTUL ÎNTREŢINERII SSCs PE BAZA


20-35 SECURITATEA LA INCENDIU A CLĂDIRILOR DEZVOLTATE PE VERTICALĂ

THE FIRE SAFETY OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGS
In the last decades, high buildings are part of our daily life. Higher and
higher, these buildings need to be very carefully designed and analyzed, in
order to obtain a proper level of fire safety. Including for this type of buildings,
the domain of fire safety engineering was created. The article gives general
guidelines concerning the areas and problems that need to be accounted for
when it comes to fire safety in high rise buildings, all over the world.
Keywords: fire, very tall buildings, fire safety engineering, fire safety
Cuvinte cheie: incendiu, clădiri foarte înalte, ingineria securităţii la
incendiu, securitatea la incendiu

35 SECURITATEA LA INCENDIU A CLĂDIRILOR


20-36 PROGRAM DE CALCUL PENTRU DIMENSIONAREA SISTEMULUI DE VENTILARE ŞI EVACUARE A FUMULUI ŞI GAZELOR FIERBINŢI PROVENITE DIN INCENDIUL UNEI CLĂDIRI

THE CALCULATING PROGRAMME FOR THE SCALING
OF A SYSTEM VENTILATION AND SMOKE AND
HOT GASES EXHAUST FROM AN ARSONED BUILDING
The personal programmed SVEFGF, conceived on the base of the
standardized calculating procedures (CEN/TR 12101-5:2007), allows the
minimizing the calculus methods, with the purpose to follow, to compare, and
to evaluate the obtained results, regarding to chose the best solutions for
scaling of system ventilation and smoke and hot gases exhaust from an arson
building. The utility of this program is represented through the application
proposed in the paper for the depressurization of an atrium with opened floors
towards this.
Keywords: fire, atrium, ventilation, smoke, fire safety
Cuvinte cheie: incendiu, atrium, ventilare, fum, securitatea la incendiu

36 PROGRAM DE CALCUL PENTRU DIMENSIONAREA


20-44 TEHNOLOGIE DE EVALUARE EXPERIMENTALĂ A REZISTENŢEI MECANICE LA SARCINI DE COMPRESIUNE A FASCICULULUI COMBUSTIBIL EXPERIMENTAL TIP CANDU

TECHNOLOGY FOR EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION
OF THE MECHANICAL COMPRESSION RESISTANCE
AT CANDU TYPE FUEL BUNDLE
The paper is referring to the test technology evolution of CANDU
experimental fuel bundle at the Institute for Nuclear Research Piteşti. The outof-
reactor test rig and the special devices for evaluation of the nuclear fuel
mechanical resistance performance at compression loads, using light water at
representative parameters (pressure, temperature and flow rate) for CANDU 6
reactor operating conditions, are described.
This paper describes the original improvements implemented and
practically applied to mechanical resistance of carrier fuel bundle validation
technology. Some results and conclusions are presented at the end.
Keywords: strength, loop testing, simulation stops, fuel transporter beam
Cuvinte cheie: rezistenţă mecanică, bucla de testare, simulator
opritori, fascicul combustibil transportor

44 TEHNOLOGIE DE EVALUARE EXPERIMENTALĂ


24-54 O ÎNCERCARE DE FORMARE DOP DE GHEAŢĂ PE UN TRONSON DE CONDUCTĂ ORIZONTALĂ ÎNTR-O BUCLĂ HIDRAULICĂ EXPERIMENTALĂ DE JOASĂ PRESIUNE

AN ATTEMPT TO FORM AN ICE PLUG ON HORIZONTAL
PIPE SECTION INTO LOW PRESSURE HYDRAULIC
EXPERIMENTAL LOOP
In the pipe-line installation, using fluids in liquid state at maximum
temperature of 30°C, the ice plugging technique assumes to form an ice plug
under controlled process inside of horizontal pipe line. The ice plug is
maintaining until completion of the maintenance / repair works made in circuit
without shut-down installation. Development of such applications by the
Institute for Nuclear Research assumes to perform design works, elaboration
and qualification of fabrication/ testing technology for some applications
considered as representatives and accumulation of experience required for
handling at detail level of ice plug primary forming and local extension for few
flow agent types used in domestic and industrial installations.
The paper describes a constructive and functional description of the
experimental technological facilities. The first results and some conclusions are
presented. The paper is dedicated to specialist working in the research and
technological engineering.
Cuvinte cheie: oprirea curgerii, dispozitiv de formare dop de gheaţă,
apă demineralizată, transfer de masă
Key words: cutting-off the flow, ice plugging device, demineralised
water, mass transfer

54 O ÎNCERCARE DE FORMARE DOP DE GHEAŢĂ


21-77 INSTALAȚIE EXPERIMENTALĂ PENTRU STUDIUL FORMĂRII STRATULUI DE FUM ȘI GAZE FIERBINȚI ÎNTR-UN SPAȚIU INCENDIAT ȘI A CURGERII ACESTORA PRIN GOLURILE DE VENTILARE

THE EXPERIMENTAL INSTALLATION FOR THE STUDY ON
THE FORMATION OF HOT SMOKE AND GASES IN A
BURNING ENCLOSURE AND ON THEIR FLOW THROUGH
THE VENTILATION OPENINGS
This paper is an experimental proposal to view and analyze the movement
of smoke and hot gases and the formation of the smoke layer in a burning
enclosure, the latter depending on the degree of ventilation of the room,
thermal loading of the furnace and the thermal inertia of the enclosure. Inside a
sufficiently ventilated burning enclosure, two areas develop: the upper –
containing smoke and hot gases – and the lower one, containing relatively fresh
air. Experiments conducted in this research were primarily aimed at
demonstrating the basic theory that the thickness of the above layers depends
on the ventilation holes and the size of the firebox.
Cuvinte cheie: incendiu, fum, gaze fierbinți, strat de fum, ventilare
Keywords: fire, smoke, hot gases, smoke layer, ventilation

77 INSTALAȚIE EXPERIMENTALĂ PENTRU STUDIUL


21-70 TEHNOLOGIE DE EPURARE BIOLOGICĂ CU CONTACTORI BIOLOGICI ROTATIVI ŞI DIMENSIONAREA FILTRELOR DE EPURARE BIOLOGICĂ

TECHNOLOGY FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT WITH
ROTATING BIOLOGICAL CONTACTORS AND
DIMENSIONING OF THE BIOLOGICAL WASTE WATER
TRETMENT
The paper is to review and assess existing rotating biological contactors
(RBC) design procedures and provide in-depth design information on critical
features of the RBC process and key parameters affecting its operation and
performance than is typically available to the engineering community.
Since past decade, the old works started to be replaced with new
technologies such as rotating biological contactors (RBC), especially for small
communities. RBC is an attached – growth biological process, which consists of
a series of rotating plastic media all coated with a layer of bio film.
The bio film or slime on the media aerobically reacts with substances in a
waste stream for bio-oxidation and nitrification, or anaerobic ally react with the
substances for denitrification. This paper discusses the theory, performance,
design procedures, calculation and dimensioning of the RBC process.
Cuvinte cheie: biodiscuri, epurare biologică, contactori biologici rotativi,
ape uzate, scheme de epurare, substanțe organice biodegradabile
Keywords: biological records, biological treatment, rotating biological
contactors, wastewater, sewage schemes, biodegradable organic substances

70 TEHNOLOGIE DE EPURARE BIOLOGICĂ CU


21-50 TEHNOLOGIE DE EVALUARE EXPERIMENTALĂ A REZISTENŢEI MECANICE LA SARCINI DE IMPACT A FASCICULULUI COMBUSTIBIL EXPERIMENTAL TIP CANDU

TECHNOLOGY FOR EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF THE
MECHANICAL COMPRESSION RESISTANCE AT IMPACT
LOAD ON CANDU TYPE FUEL BUNDLE
The paper is referring to the test technology evolution of CANDU
experimental fuel bundle at the Institute for Nuclear Research Piteşti. The outof-
reactor test rig and the special devices for evaluation of the nuclear fuel
mechanical resistance performance at dynamic impact load, using light water at
representative parameters (pressure, temperature and flow rate) for CANDU 6
reactor operating conditions, is described.
This paper describes the original improvements implemented and
practically applied to mechanical resistance of carrier fuel bundle validation
technology. Some results and conclusions are presented at the end.
Cuvinte cheie: impact, buclă de testare, simulator adaptor combustibil,
fascicul combustibil de testare, fascicul combustibil transportor
Keywords: impact, loop test, simulator adapter fuel, fuel bundle
testing, fuel transporter beam

50 TEHNOLOGIE DE EVALUARE EXPERIMENTALĂ