THE DILEMMA ZONE ISSUES A TRAFFIC LIGHT
The paper analyzed some issues from time length of yellow traffic light
cycle. Influence of yellow time duration of the dilemma zone at a traffic light.
Keywords: urban transport street intersection, yellow period
Cuvinte cheie: transport urban, intersecţie, timp de galben
THE IMPORTANCE OF USING REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR
CROP VEGETATION STATE MONITORING
The paper highlights the usefulness of remote sensing data for crops
vegetation state monitoring. For this was chosen as a study area, the
Agricultural Research Station Caracal, located in Olt County, in the Region IV
South-West Oltenia. As remote sensing were used high resolution (Landsat,
spatial resolution 30 m data) and medium (MODIS (spatial resolution of 500 m)
satellite images. They were used to calculate to the following vegetation
indices: the normalized difference of vegetation index (NDVI), normalized
difference water index (NDWI) and normalized difference drought index (NDDI).
For a complete analysis was performed a correlation between the vegetation
indices and main agro-meteorological parameters registered to Caracal
meteorological station (rainfall and soil moisture).
Keywords: crops, remote sensing data, NDVI, NDWI, NDDI
Cuvinte cheie: culturi agricole, date de teledetecție, NDVI, NDWI, NDDI
COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE
DETERMINATION OF TIME AND EFFORT ECONOMY ON THE
TRAINING ACTIVITY OF ELECTRICAL TEHNICIANS
This paper wants a pro bono advocacy, for the use discernment in the
field of information technologies (IT). In the approach that I will take still trying
to prove that the gaps in the basic and lack of professionalism cannot be
compensated by IT, on the other hand serious training coupled with the use of
software performance, lead to the some notable performances, especially in the
technical field.
Keywords: specialized software modelling – simulation – calculation
transfigure – ing star – delta and reverse method ”Dragg & Drop”
Cuvinte cheie: soft specializat modelare-simulare-calcul, transfigurarea
stea – triunghi și invers, metoda „Dragg & Drop”
STATE CONTROL FOR A PT2 PROCESSES USING
SCILAB / XCOS ENVIRONMENT
This work aims to present the state control of a PT2 process, realizing
the numerical application, based on the Scilab/Xcos environment. Starting from
the model of state space representation for LTI systems, the controllability
property of the control system is checked, and based on the signal diagram of
state control is highlighted through simulation the step response for different
parameters respectively the pole-zero plan.
Keywords: state control, PT2 process, state space model, step
response, Scilab/Xcos environment
Cuvinte cheie: Regla
INTELLIGENCE INTERFACE MAN-COMPUTER
IN THE MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENTIFIC
The author, specialist and promoter of the IT&C and knowledges
management, present a synthesis Intelligence interface man-computer in the
multidisciplinary scientific in Romania, according with the European legislation,
which stimulates and optimizes the real economy to a durable development.
Present a synthesis some practical, original and actual solutions, of the modern
ergonomic activities organization, of the information society.
Concretely, the presentation contains aspects of doctoral research and
the evolution of digital technology and interface man-computer evolved in the
multidisciplinary engineering and even in the modern IT applications from the
global network aspects.
Keywords: knowledge management, durable development,
communications, biological implications, interface man-computer, information
society, digital technology, IT&C, intelligence interface
Cuvinte cheie: managementul cunoaşterii, dezvoltare durabilă,
comunicaţii, implicaţii biologice, interfaţă om-calculator, societatea
informaţională, tehnologie digitală, tehnologia informaţiei şi comunicaţiilor-TIC,
interfaţă inteligentă
LOCATION IRIS BIOMETRIC PERSON IDENTIFICATION
Methods of iris localization are investigated and new methods for pupil
and limbus boundary detection are introduced. Pupil boundary detection is
done by first pre-processed the iris image using exponential stretch and
Laplacian filter. Then the center and the radius are calculated using newly
developed algorithm. This algorithm does not require any threshold value to
determine the initial center since it is specified automatically. For limbus
boundary detection, the integro – differential operator is used. CASIA database
v1.0 is used to test the efficiency of the given algorithms. The accuracy of
localizing the iris correctly reaches 92 %. All the algorithms were implemented
using programming language Turbo C++.
Sunt investigate și introduse noi metode de localizare a irisului și de
detectare a marginii pupilei și a limitei limbusului (marginea corneei).
Detectarea marginii pupilei se face prin procesarea imaginii irisului, folosind
extinderea exponențială a filtrului Laplacian. Apoi centrul și raza sunt calculate
folosind un nou algoritm. Acest nou algoritm nu necesită nici o valoare limită,
pentru a determina centrul inițial al ochiului, din moment ce acesta este
specificat automat. Pentru detectarea limitei limbusului, se folosește operatorul
diferențial – linie integro, (baza de date CASIA), folosit pentru a testa eficiența
algoritmilor dați. Acuratețea localizării irisului ajunge până la 92 %. Toți
algoritmii au fost implementați folosind limbajul de programare TURBO C ++.
Keywords: iris recognition biometric, human traits, security system,
improved appearance, pupil detection, detection of limbus
Cuvinte cheie: recunoașterea biometrică a irisului, trăsături umane,
sistem de securitate, imagine ameliorată, detectarea pupilei, detectarea
limbusului
3D ARTCAM COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
The present paper describes a 3D Computer Aided Design project in
ArtCAM Software. The article summarizes the steps that lead to final 3D design
project. In the first step, we create a new project related to size: 300 mm length
of 200 mm width and 30 mm thickness; after we choose the type of milling,
turning him and effective processing size desired by the designer. Once the text
form and processing technology selected, we can move to the second, very
important, step, dimension conversion from 2D to 3D. In the 3D dimension, we
will design the desired text only after we generate to the text of milling
simulation. If based on the simulation text processing gives satisfaction, the file
will be saved in the machine to machine depending on the characteristics of
supported extensions.
Keywords: 2D to 3D conversion, 3D design, design, program, machine
code, ArtCam Software
Cuvinte cheie: conversia 2D în 3D, proiectare 3D, design, program cod
maşină, ArtCam Software
INFLUENCE ON LUBRICATION REGIME REGARDING THE
PARTS OBTAINED BY COLD STAMPING/PRESSING
The paper aims to determine the optimal solution for the lubrication
elements and guide for stamping in order to obtain consistent parts in a large
series regime.
Keywords: stamping, lubrication, guide elements, certified parts,
experimental result
Cuvinte cheie:ștanță, lubrifiere, elemente ghidare, piese conforme,
rezultate experimentale
CONTROL DEVICE COMPLIANCE AND VERIFICATION OF
BEARING INNER RINGS BORES PERPENDICULAR TO
THE FACES FRONT
Given the fact that the bearings are part of machine parts moving
and rotating with variable speed, perpendicularity bores, to the front sides
must fall within the tolerances of microns in order not to cause warming shaft
or axle is mounted inside these bores bearings and not to enable the seizure
of rotating bodies moving of machines, installations and units concerned.
Keywords: machine parts, reaming, device, bearing
Cuvinte cheie: organe de maşini, alezaj, dispozitiv, rulment
THE BEVEL GEARS MACHINING
This study aims to present the bevel gears processing method. The
first part presents the theoretical aspects of the bevel gear. The second part
presents the effective method of their generation.
The theoretical study of bevel gears is very complex. The principle of
generating a bevel gear is represented by the generating of plane gear teeth
profile through a cutting tools system and then meshing between bevel gear
and plane gear during machining.
Taking into consideration the complexity of the bevel gears
processing, we do not claim that this study has exhaustively analyzed all the
aspects of this subject.
Keywords: bevel gear, plane gear, meshing
Cuvinte cheie: roată conică, roată plană, angrenare
THE ROUGH SIZING CALCULATION OF THE BEVEL GEARS
This study aims to present the rough sizing calculation of the bevel
gear. In this study are presented the bevel gears type Klingelnberg.
The calculation has the purpose of determining the main elements of
the bevel gears: the minimum diameter of the pinion, the number of teeth for
the pinion and for the gear wheel, z1 and z2, the mean normal module mn, the
face width B and the mean spiral angle βm.
The final geometry calculation of the bevel gear Cyclo Palloid
Klingelnberg according to ISO 23509:2006 will be made using special
calculation program for machine design.
Keywords: bevel gear, pinion, mean spiral angle, face width
Cuvinte cheie: roată conică, pinion, unghiul de înclinare, lățime
dantură
MODELING THE CONSTRUCTION OF CUTTING
TOOLS WITH EXCHANGEABLE INSERTS
This paper makes improvements in the classical cycle of the research
and development for the new tools, by including simulation, structured
according to the following three steps: modeling the tool, reading the results on
virtual tests and choosing the optimum design. We exemplified the first step by
modeling the construction of a boring tool with twin special tangential inserts,
mounted directly on the tool’s cylindrical body, having a Ф116mm processing
diameter.
Keywords: modeling, cutting tools, exchangeable inserts, simulation,
variables, constraints, optimization, virtual
Cuvinte cheie: modelare, scule aşchietoare, plăcuţe schimbabile,
simulare, variabile, constrângeri, optimizare, virtual
ASPECTS REGARDING THE ACTIVE PART OF BORING
TOOLS WITH TANGENTIAL INSERTS
The paper presents the main elements of the active part of boring
tools equipped with replaceable tangential inserts. Placing tangential insets of
different types of tools (cutters, boring tools etc.) is designed to reduce certain
aspects of their stress, such as the surface roughness. A short presentation of
the components of tangential insert place on the front of the boring tool is
followed by an analysis of the embodiments of the active part, in terms of
shape, inserts position and of cutting elements (faces, edges, vertices, angles).
At the end of the papers, it is proposed an original form for tangential inserts
used for the boring tool.
Keywords: boring tools, tangential inserts, forms, cutting edge,
clearance angle, rake angle, chips
Cuvinte cheie: lărgitoare, plăcuţe tangenţiale, forme, tăiş, unghi de
aşezare, unghi de degajare, aşchii
MODELING PROFILE OF A HELICAL CUTTING DRUM FACE,
WITH THE PURPOSE VERIFICATION AFTER OPERATION OF
REGRINDING CLEARANCE SURFACE BY MEANS OF
CONTROL MACHINES 3D (II)
The paper presents the possibility of modeling the normal helical line
to end mills in order to check its operation after regrinding of the rake surface
using 3D machine control.
Keywords: helical motion, end mills, helical line
Cuvinte cheie: mișcare elicoidală, freză cilindro-frontală, linie elicoidală
MODELING PROFILE OF A HELICAL CUTTING DRUM FACE,
WITH THE PURPOSE VERIFICATION AFTER OPERATION OF
REGRINDING CLEARANCE SURFACE BY MEANS OF
CONTROL MACHINES 3D (I)
The paper presents the possibility of modeling the normal helical line
to end mills in order to check its operation after regrinding of the rake surface
using 3D machine control.
Keywords: helical motion, end mills, helical line
Cuvinte cheie: mișcare elicoidală, freză cilindro-frontală, linie elicoidală
METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE EFFICIENCY CYLINDER
ROLL CINEMATIC COUPLE
In this work is analyzed mechanical efiency by experimental research
using a device for helicoidally movement simulation.
The precision of helicoidally generation is determinate in relation
between normal force and acting torque. For accurate determination of the
measurements is made by electronic transducers for displacement and rotation.
Keywords: kinematic coupling, helical motion, rotation and displacement
transducer
Cuvinte cheie: cupla cinematică, mişcare elicoidală, traductor
deplasare şi rotaţie
CAVITATION EROSION EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON AN
IMPROVEMENT ALLOY STEEL WITH 97.2% IRON CONTENT
This paper presents the cavitation erosion experimental research on an
improvement alloy steel. The chemical compositions, also the name of this steel,
were identified using a spectrometer. After this analysis, iron content was 97.2 %
and the name of this steel has been identified as 41Cr4. The results are in tabular,
by graphic, as well as images and macrostructures presented and compared.
Keywords: cavitation erosion, 97,2 % Fe, macrostructure
Cuvinte cheie: eroziune cavitaţională, 97,2 % Fe, macrostructura
THE DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS OF THE CASTING
MATERIALS PROCESSING
In present casting become a very important domain of materials
processing in the engineering arena. Achieving casting usually require a
greater complexity to the design and material processing to ensure a structural
integrity. Specific procedures for processing materials were continuously
developed and have come to represent today’s modern and efficient
alternatives for obtaining materials and products development prospects and
future use special.
Recent decades have marked the emergence of the current industrial
exploitation in the processing of materials, preoccupations more intensely
related to the reduction and optimization of material and energy consumption
linked with improving the environment.
Keywords: casting materials processing, technological development,
new Procedures
Cuvinte cheie: turnarea materialelor de prelucrare, dezvoltare
tehnologică, noi proceduri
ELECTRICAL CONTACTS FOR STRONG CURRENTS
MADE BY POWDER METALLURGY
It was tested to be produced electrical contacts for strong currents by
infiltration after sintering, because the final density is much higher (11.100
kg/m3) and porosity is much lower (10.85 %). The infiltration after sintering
variant contains the steps: powder mixture preparation (W – 52 mass % – 520 g,
Ni – 2 mass % – 20 g, Cu – 46 mass % – 460 g, zinc stearate – 0,7 mass % – 7
g), homogenization, pressing (4.5 MPa), sintering (730 and 780 oC) and
infiltration (the green part is layed down on an electrocorindon EC 120 bed,
then the Cu green is on top of it, 1100 oC). In this variant the green part density
is almost constant (s = 0.062), with an identical porosity of the first after the end
of the process (14,28 %). By infiltration the density increased drastically (at
10,832 kg/m3), but its variations were increased also (s = 0.174) and porosity
decreased (at 10.85 %). The attained density is not sufficient for electrical
contacts work (11,100 kg/m3), but it is closer. The final composition of the
electrical contact was: W – 48.69 mass %, Ni – 1. 87 mass % and Cu – 49.44
mass %.
Keywords: sintered electrical contacts, W-Cu
Cuvinte cheie: contacte electrice sinterizate, W-Cu
RESEARCH ON THE REHABILITATION OF PARTS
HARD SURFACING
The article presents a commonly used method for rehabilitation of parts
by welding load. The quality of rehabilitation is assessed by a set of
characteristics that give the reconditioned piece, the ability to meet the
necessary requirements, operating under normal conditions. Welding
instructions through material loading, are applied to the achievement of Francis
rotors type, on two components 1.4317 (GX4CrNi13-4)/SR EN 10213-2 cast
steel. These steels are ideal in terms of use conditions, where wear resistance
is really important, such as on hydraulic turbine components.
Keywords: rehabilitation, arc welded parts, charging by welding
Cuvinte cheie: reabilitare, piese sudate cu arc electric, încărcare prin
sudare
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE JOINTS STRUCTURE
AT MULTIPASS WELDING
The paper investigates the particularities of the welded joints structure at
multiphase welding, showing that the structure and properties of these joints is
not only influenced by the thermal action itself, but also by the metallurgical
phenomena from the metal subjected to welding.
Keywords: welded joints, thermal cycle, seam multilayer, heat wave
Cuvinte cheie: îmbinări sudate, ciclul termic, cusătură multistrat, undă
termică
HEATING OPTIMIZATION OF HIGH GRADE STEELS
FOR PLASTIC PROCESSING
The research aimed at finding solutions for the dissolution in the
structural matrix of steel and the improvement in deformability. The results
allowed the optimization of the technology by reducing the heating-up duration,
and by dissoluting and globulising the ferrite.
Keywords: plastic processing, steel, structure
Cuvinte cheie: prelucrare plastică, oţel, structură
REGULATOARE DE PRESIUNE FOLOSITE ÎN APLICAȚII
DE MARE PURITATE
Funcția de bază a unui regulator de presiune este de a accepta un
gaz de înaltă presiune dintr-un cilindru sau conductă, și de a reduce presiunea
la un nivel sigur și potrivit pentru o anumită aplicație.
The basic function of a pressure regulator is to accept a high-pressure
gas from a cylinder or pipe, and reduce the pressure to a safe level and
suitable for a particular application.
Keywords: Regulators, high purity gases
Cuvinte cheie: Regulatori, gaze de înaltă puritate
TELESCOPIC MOBILE RAMP WITH HYDRAULIC DRIVE FOR
ACCESS INSIDE OF THE BUILDINGS
PART II – ELECTRIC AND HYDRAULIC ECQUIPMENTS
The paper presents a telescopic mobile ramp with hydraulic drive for
access on upper levels inside of the of buildings. In the paper, is shows the
structural component of equipment, the technical characteristics and, also, its
usefulness in the actions of the Romanian Gendarmerie in its missions to
ensure public order and security.
Keywords: portable ramp telescopic, mobile hydraulic, scale hydro,
hydro-mechanical equipment
Cuvinte cheie: rampă mobilă telescopică, echipament mobil, acţionare
hidraulică, scară hidraulică, echipament hidro-mecanic
TELESCOPIC MOBILE RAMP WITH HYDRAULIC DRIVE FOR
ACCESS INSIDE OF THE BUILDINGS
PART I – GENERAL CONCEPTION
The paper presents a telescopic mobile ramp with hydraulic drive for
access on upper levels inside of the of buildings. In the paper, is shows the
structural component of equipment, the technical characteristics and, also, its
usefulness in the actions of the Romanian Gendarmerie in its missions to
ensure public order and security.
Keywords: portable ramp telescopic, mobile hydraulic, scale hydro,
hydro-mechanical equipment
Cuvinte cheie: rampă mobilă telescopică, echipament mobil, acţionare
hidraulică, scară hidraulică, echipament hidro-mecanic
THE INTERNAL REFLECTION OF MONOCHROMATIC LIGHT
ON SUPERFICIAL FILMS ON SOLID SUBSTRATES
Internal partial or total reflection present similitude and differences with
external reflection depending on the incidence angle of the light. Total reflection
has a major theoretical importance because complex aspects concerning the
interaction between light and superficial film. Both the analysis of the
parameters that decide upon the type of reflection and the manner of
interaction of the light with superficial films allow correct interpretation of
experimental measurements. Internal attenuated total reflection is one method
of investigation “in situ” of superficial films illustrated in this paper.
Keywords: internal reflection, superficial film, angle limit penetration
depth
Cuvinte cheie: reflexie internă, film superficial, unghi limită, adâncime
de pătrundere
DESIGN OF AN OFF-GRID PV SYSTEM WITH A
DEDICATED SOFTWARE
This work aims to design and simulate, using a dedicated software,
Sunny Design Web, an open source application provided by SMA SOLAR
TECHNOLOGY, an off-grid photovoltaic system meant to ensure an
independent, smart and comfortable energy supply with solar power for private
households. Using this application, the designing process of PV systems has
become more simple and accessible for non-specialist in the field too, opening
on this the path to produce clean energy and provide energy independence for
many private households.
Keywords: PV system, design and simulate, monitoring system,
energy production, Sunny Design Web
Cuvinte cheie: sistem solar fotovoltaic insular, proiectare și simulare,
sistem de monitorizare, producţie de energie, Sunny Design Web
MASS OPTIMIZATION OF A FLAT PLATE SOLAR
COLLECTOR
Usually a flat plate solar collector is characterized by constructivefunctional
data, the mass of a solar collector is a constructive characteristic,
which influences more the assembling and transport costs. This paper presents
a method of optimizing the mass characteristics of a flat plate solar collector, by
using materials with low specific mass. As a result of this optimization a 17 kg
flat plate solar collector was realized, resulting in a weight reduction of
approximately 57 % compared to a common solar collector.
Keywords: solar collector plan, mass optimization, solar
Cuvinte cheie: captator solar plan, optimizare masică, energie solară
CELL SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ON THE CONTACT N -IN AS –
GEL CONTAINING PAIR REDOX ST2 + / 4 +
In the article descripted the possibilities of obtaining some spectral and
photoelectric properties of solar element based an photo electrochemical chain
(+) Cu-C-MnO2-Gel-n-InAs-Cu (-).
Keywords: converting photo electrochemical solar, solar cell
Cuvinte cheie: convertizor fotoelectrochimic pentru energia solară, pilă
solară
DYNAMICS OF THE CENTRIFUGAL MECHANISM FOR
PROTECTION AT OVERSPEED OF THE LOW
POWER WIND ROTOR TURBINE
Rotor over speed protection for small wind turbine power requires a
mechanical system cheap and reliable as possible. This is because any electric
or electronic device depends on the electrical power source that disaster
becomes unavailable. Of these centrifugal mechanism is priced at acceptable
cost, but contains some subtleties of interpretation of the method of operation.
In this paper, we explain step by step the original solution of this mechanism
put in place for a 5 kW wind turbine.
After triggering centrifugal mechanism speed is reduced to 20 … 30
rev / min and the effect of centrifugal mechanism is greatly reduced. So that the
force of compressed spring plus aerodynamic torque blade in relation to spindle
axis, returns the mechanism to its original work position. For that to occur
slowly, return must be controlled by a hydraulic damper or a blockingunblocking
flag position for the rotor blades.
Adjusting ballast weight of centrifugal mechanism and the reliable
automatically operation of the whole system should be checked repetitively on
a trial endurance stand.
Keywords: wind turbine, force, torque, protection centrifugal
mechanism at over speed
Cuvinte cheie: turbină eoliană, forțe, momente, mecanism centrifugal,
protecţie la supraturare
KINEMATICS OF THE CENTRIFUGAL MECHANISM FOR
PROTECTION AT OVERSPEED OF THE LOW POWER WIND
ROTOR TURBINE
Rotor over speed protection for small wind turbine power requires a cheap
and reliable mechanical system as possible. This is because any electric or
electronic device depends on the electrical power source that becomes
unavailable in disaster conditions. Of these, centrifugal mechanism is priced at
acceptable cost, but contains some subtleties of interpretation of the operation
mod. In terms of kinematics, centrifugal mechanism is reduced to a crank and
connecting-rod assembly with sliding piece. This paper presents schematically
this mechanism and the elements that govern the movement of the sliding
piece: race, speed and acceleration.
The mechanism function is alternative to a crank angle range of α =
0°…45°. Sliding piece is operated offset from the sliding axis. The complexity
consists in the fact that each blade is attached to the single sliding piece
through a rod and a crank. Thus the three rotor blades rotate simultaneously by
the cumulated action of the centrifugal force that occurs due to the rotating
counterweights.
Keywords: wind turbine, slide race, speed, acceleration, crank and
connecting-rod assembly
Cuvinte cheie: turbină eoliană, cursa culisei, viteza, accelerația, mecanism
bielă-manivelă
CONCEPTUAL CONSIDERATIONS ON THERMAL
STABILITY OF OFFICE ACCOMMODATION TYPE OF
FLOOR HEATING SYSTEMS
The paper addressed some aspects of the thermal behavior of
dynamic type office premises heated by radiant elements of tire installation
systems integrated low exergy
Keywords: exergy, radiating elements, thermally floor, potentially
reducing, dynamic – adaptive
Cuvinte cheie: exergie, elemente radiante, pardosea termoactivă,
potenţial de reducere, dinamic-adaptiv
CONTRIBUTION TO RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
ENERGY SECURITY OF MOLDOVA
Moldova’s energy sector represents a strategic branch of the national
economy. The level of development of this sector essentially determines
macroeconomic stability and energy security of the country and the success of
strategies and programs to achieve national economy.
Keywords: energy, energy security, forecasting, biomass, hydropower,
solar energy, wind energy
Cuvinte cheie: energie, securitatea energetică, prognoză, biomasă,
energia hidraulică, energie solară, energie eoliană
ENERGY EFFICIENCY, DEVELOPMENT AND EDUCATION –
UNCONDITIONAL AND BROTHERLY HELP FROM ROMANIA
The increase in the cost of energy resources, the advanced
depreciation of the buildings, the degradation of the environmental quality and
the Moldova’s total dependence on the external energy markets, are essentially
the key arguments which require the promotion of some consistent national
policies in the field of energy efficiency in all spheres of human activity. In this
context one area over which it can act with certainty is the field of buildings. In
this paper we try to highlight the contributions of Romanians citizens through
the Romanian Government to the development of education and increasing the
energy efficiency in buildings preschool, and directly the development of the
other bank of the Prut – Republic of Moldova.
Keywords: Romania, energy efficiency, development, education
Cuvinte cheie: România, eficienţă energetică, dezvoltare, educaţie