George ARGHIR


35-6 ÎNCREDEREA – COMPONENTĂ ESENȚIALĂ A MANAGEMENTULUI

TRUST – THE ESSENTIAL COMPONENT OF MANAGEMENT

Management is learned on the job: making, observing, interacting with others, being placed in unusual situations, enabling opportunities to grow and develop from a professional perspective. Mastering the art of management is a process of learning from experience.

Keywords: trust, motivating staff

Cuvinte cheie: încredere, motivarea personalului

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35-7 BLOCAJE INTERNE ȘI EXTERNE, SOLUȚII PROPUSE PRIVIIND ÎMBUNĂTĂȚIREA CAPACITAȚII DE ABSORBȚIE A FONDURILOR STRUCTURALE EUROPENE ALE ROMÂNIEI ÎN CALITATE DE MEMBRU AL UNIUNII EUROPENE. INTRODUCERE

INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL JAMS, PROPOSED SOLUTIONS CONCERNING THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE ABSORPTION CAPACITY OF THE EUROPEAN STRUCTURAL FUNDS OF ROMANIA AS A MEMBER OF THE EUROPEAN UNION. INTRODUCTION

The European Union represents a regional policy framework associated with traditional interstate and geopolitical relations. There are many institutions within the European Union, including the European Commission, which carry out economic policies regarding the financial management of European funds together with EU member countries. The absorption capacity of the structural funds was acceptable until 1.01.2019 compared to the previous years, but was marked by internal and external bottlenecks, bureaucracy and inefficiency of the institutional structures. Following the evaluation of these problems, proposals were made in this study to improve the absorption capacity of the European structural funds. The implementation of European funds has led to the spread of democratic values, the rule of law, economic and social concepts among EU member states in the context of the globalization phenomenon. Through the extension, intensification and impact of these institutional relations at the level of all the EU members in economic, social and political aspect, flows and networks are developed in the EU region of activity, interaction centers and execution of power.

Keywords: absorption capacity, administrative capacity, regionalization, globalization, European structural funds

Cuvinte cheie: capacitatea de absorbție, capacitate administrativă, regionalizare, globalizare, fonduri structurale europene

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35-8 BLOCAJE INTERNE ȘI EXTERNE, SOLUȚII PROPUSE PRIVIIND ÎMBUNĂTĂȚIREA CAPACITAȚII DE ABSORBȚIE A FONDURILOR STRUCTURALE EUROPENE ALE ROMÂNIEI ÎN CALITATE DE MEMBRU AL UNIUNII EUROPENE. BIROCRAȚIA ȘI LIPSA DE EFICIENȚĂ A STRUCTURILOR INSTITUȚIONALE. CONCLUZII

INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL JAMS, PROPOSED SOLUTIONS CONCERNING THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE ABSORPTION CAPACITY OF THE EUROPEAN STRUCTURAL FUNDS OF ROMANIA AS A MEMBER OF THE EUROPEAN UNION. BUREOCRACY AND LACK OF EFFICIENCY OF INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURES. CONCLUSIONS

The European Union represents a regional policy framework associated with traditional interstate and geopolitical relations. There are many institutions within the European Union, including the European Commission, which carry out economic policies regarding the financial management of European funds together with EU member countries. The absorption capacity of the structural funds was acceptable until 1.01.2019 compared to the previous years, but was marked by internal and external bottlenecks, bureaucracy and inefficiency of the institutional structures. Following the evaluation of these problems, proposals were made in this study to improve the absorption capacity of the European structural funds. The implementation of European funds has led to the spread of democratic values, the rule of law, economic and social concepts among EU member states in the context of the globalization phenomenon. Through the extension, intensification and impact of these institutional relations at the level of
all the EU members in economic, social and political aspect, flows and networks are developed in the EU region of activity, interaction centers and execution of power.

Keywords: absorption capacity, administrative capacity, regionalization, globalization, European structural funds

Cuvinte cheie: capacitatea de absorbție, capacitate administrativă, regionalizare, globalizare, fonduri structurale europene

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34-41 BRAZAREA AlMn1/Ni 201 PLACAT CU Ag45CuZnSn

BRAZING OF AlMn1/Ni 201 CLADDED WITH Ag45CuZnSn
Brazing aluminium to nickel plates it is a very sensible process being influenced by physical brazing parameters, brazing devices, but also by type of materials used. Brazing process was carried out in a horizontally furnace under a controlled nitrogen atmosphere containing several enclosures. They were used two dissimilar base metals (an aluminium alloy and pure nickel) and the filler metal was the Ag45CuZnSn clad of the nickel base metal; this type of filler metal led to a brazed joint with percentages of defects below 6%, due to its very good adhesion to both the brazable surfaces of the base metals involved.
Keywords: brazing, Al-Ni
Cuvinte cheie: brazare, Al-Ni

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34-40 PRODUCEREA BILELOR MICI

MAKING SMALL SPHERES
The mill for the production of small balls, of hard and semi hard material contains as a main part a ring covered with the abrasive material (glued) on the abrasion surface. The ring has the vertical axis. The abrasive surface is made by gluing with glue that softens by heating. The moving of spherical material is made with compressed air, rotating in the grinding space, motion imprinted on the diffuser air. Compressed air comes through the center of the mill through a circuit with minimal aerodynamic resistances. Air pressure: 1 – 2 bar. Ball size: 1 mm. The grinding space has a 7 (horizontal) x 6 (vertical) mm section with an (average) length of 162 mm. The used raw material has cubic shape with a 30 % greater edge than the ball diameter.
Keywords: small spheres, technology, hard and half hard materials
Cuvinte cheie: sfere mici, tehnologie, materiale dure și semidure

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32-44 ANALIZA CHIMICĂ ȘI MICROSTRUCTURALĂ A MATERIALULUI UTILIZAT LA TURNAREA UNUI CLOPOT

CHEMICAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL ANALYSES OF

A MATERIAL USED TO CAST A BELL

 

The present study was setup to determine the chemical composition of a bell material. After 27 years of service, a bell weighting 200 kg was broken. Two solutions were proposed for the repairing: soldering using Ag (cheap, but affecting the sound quality and mechanical properties) and a melting the old bell and casting a new one (approximately 16 times more expensive, but with better properties).  An optical microscope Olympus GX51 was used to study the microstructure. The chemical composition was determined using an XRF device Olympus Delta Element. The analysis showed the presence of lead and tin in composition, close to the upper limits. The presence of lead and eutectic structure, and the porosity produced a large crack on the basis of the bell. Clusters of macro pores were observed near the surface of the bell.  The fatigue could appear on the base of this

 

Keywords: bronze, microstructure, bell material, chemical composition

Cuvinte cheie: bronz, microstructură, material de clopot, compoziție chimică

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32-37 CONTACTE ELECTRICE CU DENSITATE RIDICATĂ PENTRU CURENŢI INTENŞI PRODUSE PRIN METALURGIA PULBERILOR

ELECTRICAL CONTACTS WITH HIGH DENSITY FOR STRONG CURRENTS, MADE BY POWDER METALLURGY

 

Electrical contacts for strong currents by infiltration after sintering, was not satisfactory because the final density is much higher (11,100 kg/m3) and porosity is much lower (10.85 %). The infiltration after sintering contains: powder mixture preparation (W – 52 mass %, Ni – 2 %, Cu – 46 %, zinc stearate – 0,7 %  – 7 g), homogenization, pressing (4,5 MPa), sintering (730 and 780 oC). The green density is almost constant, with an identical porosity of the first after the end of the process (14,28 %). By infiltration the density increased drastically (10,832 kg/m3), its variations were increased also and porosity decreased (at 10.85 %). The attained density is not sufficient for electrical contacts work (11,100 kg/m3), but it is closer. Way to improve density: pressing, sintering, and repressing (10,700 kg/m3).

 

Keywords: sintered electrical contacts, W-Cu

Cuvinte cheie: contacte electrice sinterizate, W-Cu

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32-35 BRAZARE NICHEL-ALUMINIU

BRAZING OF NICKEL-ALUMINIUM

 

The brazing between nickel and aluminium plates is a very sensible process being influenced by type of used materials and by brazing devices which maintain in contact the metal plates. These brazing devices have a very important purpose, their pressure affect directly the capillarity force. If the brazing devices are too tight (like 7 bar pressure), the filler melted metal escape from the grip, causing presence of defects in the joint; if the brazing devices are not tight enough (like 5 bar pressure) the capillarity forces become weak, allowing the voids inside the joint. Therefore, it’ is optimal for a nickel-aluminium brazed joint without defects a 6 bar pressure, created by brazing devices,

 

Keywords: brazing, Ni-Al

Cuvinte cheie: brazare, Ni-Al

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31-20 PARADOXURILE INERENTE MANAGEMENTULUI

INHERENT PARADOXES OF MANAGEMENT

Paradoxes explains the need for management within institutions and the need for a continuing concern for improving the expertise of those who occupy leadership positions, such steps to limit the impact of these paradoxes, and allow materialization targeted goals and objectives in a reasonably efficient manner.

 

Keywords: paradoxes of management, motivating staffCuvinte cheie: paradoxurile managementului, motivarea personalului

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31-19 PREGĂTIREA ȘI DEZVOLTAREA PROFESIONALĂ – CALEA PERFORMANȚEI ÎN ORGANIZAȚII

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING– PERFORMANCE ROUTE IN ORGANIZATIONS

 

Professional development followed by continuous training should be a priority for both the organization and the employee, the common desire to make performance. Professional training is a process during which participants acquire theoretical and practical knowledge necessary for their present activity. Unlike training, professional development is a more complex process, aimed at acquiring useful knowledge, both in relation to the current position and with the future.

 

Keywords: professional training, professional development

Cuvinte cheie: pregătire profesională, dezvoltare profesională

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31-12 VEHICULELE ELECTRICE, TRECUT, PREZENT ȘI VIITOR

LES V́ḖHICULES ÉLECTRIQUES, PASSÉE PRESENT

ET AVENIR

 

Il s’agit en principal, des voitures actionnés par la force électromotrice de moteur(s) électrique(s) alimentée soit par une batterie électrique, soit par une pile a combustible (hydrogène ou méthanol) soit actionnés par un moteur électrique en combinaison avec un moteur thermique classique, Wankel, ou Stirling ainsi nommées hybrids. Tel sorte des véhicules sont fabriquées par des compagnies de USA, d’Europe, Chine, Japon.

 

Mots-clefs: véhicules électriques, véhicules hybrides, moteurs électriques, batteries électriques,  pile a combustible

Cuvinte cheie: vehicule electrice, vehicule hibride, motoare electrice, baterii electrice,pile de combustie

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30-16 CONTACTE ELECTRICE PENTRU CURENŢI INTENŞI PRODUSE PRIN METALURGIA PULBERILOR

ELECTRICAL CONTACTS FOR STRONG CURRENTS
MADE BY POWDER METALLURGY
It was tested to be produced electrical contacts for strong currents by
infiltration after sintering, because the final density is much higher (11.100
kg/m3) and porosity is much lower (10.85 %). The infiltration after sintering
variant contains the steps: powder mixture preparation (W – 52 mass % – 520 g,
Ni – 2 mass % – 20 g, Cu – 46 mass % – 460 g, zinc stearate – 0,7 mass % – 7
g), homogenization, pressing (4.5 MPa), sintering (730 and 780 oC) and
infiltration (the green part is layed down on an electrocorindon EC 120 bed,
then the Cu green is on top of it, 1100 oC). In this variant the green part density
is almost constant (s = 0.062), with an identical porosity of the first after the end
of the process (14,28 %). By infiltration the density increased drastically (at
10,832 kg/m3), but its variations were increased also (s = 0.174) and porosity
decreased (at 10.85 %). The attained density is not sufficient for electrical
contacts work (11,100 kg/m3), but it is closer. The final composition of the
electrical contact was: W – 48.69 mass %, Ni – 1. 87 mass % and Cu – 49.44
mass %.
Keywords: sintered electrical contacts, W-Cu
Cuvinte cheie: contacte electrice sinterizate, W-Cu

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29-33 PROVOCĂRILE TRANZIȚIEI CĂTRE POZIȚIA DE MANAGER

TRANSITION CHALLENGES
TO THE POSITION OF MANAGER
Management is learned on the job: making, observing, interacting with
others, being placed in unusual situations, enabling opportunities to grow and
develop from a professional perspective. Mastering the art of management is a
process of learning from experience.
Keywords: managerial communication, motivating staff
Cuvinte cheie: comunicare managerială, motivarea personalului

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29-06 AUREL STODOLA – PROFESORUL LUI DORIN PAVEL

AUREL STODOLA – The Professor of DORIN PAVEL
Aurel Stodola was an engineer and inventor. He developed the study
of thermodynamics and other scientific fields. He was a professor at the
Institute of Technology in Zurich (ITZ), specialist for the introduction and
development of the gas turbine. He has educated and influenced hundreds of
engineers, including some of the greatest scientific minds (e.g. Albert Einstein).
During World War I, he worked with a surgeon to help wounded soldiers. In
1928, he invented the first heat pump, which still serves as the primary source
of heat generation for the City Hall of Geneva, Switzerland. He published a
highly acclaimed manual, translated into several languages and still used today
as a reference source. He constantly sought new knowledge in a wide range of
technical sciences, received honorary doctorates from four universities, has
won numerous awards and was member of the Academy of Sciences of
France. ITZ declared 2009 as „Aurel Stodola Year” and an asteroid (discovered
in 1984) was named ”Stodola 3891”. Dorin Pavel was colleague of well-known
physicist Albert Einstein through Aurel Stodola and ITH.
Keywords: Aurel Stodola
Cuvinte cheie: Aurel Stodola

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28-83 INFLUENŢA AGENŢILOR DE SPĂLARE ASUPRA ALIAJELOR DE ALUMINIU

WASHING AGENT INFLUENCE ON ALUMINUM ALLOYS
This paper is a study layer of aluminium and aluminium alloys, subjected to the action of external self-detergents, and their behaviour in processes of wear or fatigue. The data obtained are useful in the analysis of structural changes that appear and develop during the destructive processes mentioned. The study of structural changes can be made by various non-destructive techniques, which occupied an important place of composition applied to the alloys washing agents, working environment and temperature.
Keywords: aluminium alloy, car wheels, washing agents
Cuvinte cheie: aliaje de aluminiu, jante auto, agenți de spălare

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28-59 INFLUENŢA SPUMELOR ACTIVE ASUPRA UNOR STRATURI METALICE DE ACOPERIRE

INFLUENCE ON ACTIVE FOAM LAYERS OF METAL
This paper aims to achieve a bibliographical study and practical research on technologies for coating metal layers, especially nickel-based alloys and their use in automotive and foams active influence on them in the wash. It was found that with the wear caused by aging and external factors, including repeated washing, auto parts nickel, shows a frosting, that glossy look is diminished, so is looking for a foam manufacturing assets that do not affect the optimal structure of material basis of their physical properties.
Keywords: active foam, nickel plated parts, metal coating
Cuvinte cheie: spumă activă, piese nichelate, straturi de acoperire

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28-58 ASPECTE PRIVIND OBŢINEREA MATERIALELOR POROASE ARMATE

ASPECTS OF REINFORCED POROUS MATERIALS OBTAINING
The sintered materials of metal powders have low mechanical properties, which is why a reinforced process can improve these properties. The reinforcement is made of steel webs with square cell and particle size distribution of the powder deposited on these elements must be within the network parameter data. The materials obtained by sintering at 800 0C for 30 minutes in a hydrogen atmosphere have a uniform structure with a good pores distribution. The metal network influences the development of breakage and increases the tensile strength.
Key words: porous materials, powders, powder metallurgy
Cuvinte cheie: materiale poroase, pulberi, metalurgia pulberilor

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28-56 CERCETARE PILOT PENTRU PRODUCEREA CONTACTELOR ELECTRICE PENTRU CURENŢI INTENŞI PRIN METALURGIA PULBERILOR

PILOT RESERARCH FOR PRODUCTION OF
ELECTRICAL CONTACTS FOR STRONG CURRENTS
BY POWDER METALLURGY
There were experienced three pilot versions for electrical contacts for strong currents, W – Cu, by powder metallurgy. Based on these it was selected the following variant: Cu matrix composite reinforced with W, starting from the powder: W – 50.18 mass %, Ni – 1.02 %, Cu 48.06 %, and 0.74 % zinc stearate. 8 GPa pressed, sintered at 875 °C for 15 minutes, then infiltrated with Cu to fill the pores, resulting in a product that has a density of 11.738 kg/m3, similar to the theoretical density. It is noted that often remain additions of no infiltrated Cu and sometimes may appear craters in place of infiltration. It is preferred the version with as little as possible infiltrated Cu.
Keywords: sintered electrical contacts, W-Cu
Cuvinte cheie: contacte electrice sinterizate, W-Cu

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28-52 CARACTERIZAREA LIANTULUI FOLOSIT PENTRU FORMAREA PRIN INJECŢIE A MATERIALELOR COMPOZITE CU MATRICE DIN ALUMINIU ŞI PARTICULE DE CARBURĂ DE SILICIU ŞI GRAFIT

CHARACTERIZATION OF BINDER UTILIZED FOR INJECTION MOLDING OF ALUMINIUM MATRIX COMPOSITE WITH GRAPHITE AND SILICON CARBIDE PARTICLES
Powder Injection moulding is considered a novel technique for the manufacture of complex shape samples of ceramic or metal powders. It consists in: powder mixing with a binder, injection into a form; binder removal, and sintering. Injection moulding technology is characterized by high stability and productivity. It makes possible to use uncomplicated and inexpensive equipment. The most important for a binding agent is to be thin to reduce the force of attraction between solid particles of different sizes in order to reduce the viscosity. By adding a small quantity of binder it should provide a good formation of the mixture, ready for separation of the preform to retain the shape and strength of injection moulded sample. The sample is quickly removed and does not contaminate the carbon material contained in waste, or other products.
Keyword: binder, injection moulding, sintering, preform
Cuvinte cheie: liant, formare prin injecţie, sinterizare, preformă

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27-33 ÎMPUTERNICIREA ŞI DELEGAREA RESPONSABILITĂŢILOR – CHEIA CREŞTERII ORGANIZAŢIONALE

EMPOWERMENT AND DELEGATION OF RESPONSIBILITIES – THE KEY ORGANIZATIONAL GROWTH
To be able to fulfil the goals and objectives, organizations must identify the appropriate modalities to keep people motivated and enthusiastic, state that will have a beneficial impact over the entire organizational climate, but the employee relationship with people outside the organization. One of these means is empowering people, whereas, therefore, they are creating trust and they are determined to use their knowledge and experience in order to achieve the desired results.
Keywords: empowerment, delegation, organization
Cuvinte cheie: împuternicirea, delegarea, organizaţie

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27-23 ASPECTE PRIVIND PRELUCRAREA OSHIBANA A FLORILOR DIN CATEGORIA ERYTHRONIUM DENS CANIS

ASPECTS REGARDING OSHIBANA PROCESSING OF
ERYTHRONIUM DENS CANIS FLOWERS
Erythronium Dens Canis is a spring flower with high visual impact due to its petal disposing as a radiate crown in the early stage and as an open dog mouth in the later stage. The visual effect is enhanced by stamina position in the centre of the flower. Such nice flower worth’s to be processed by Oshibana method. We collect several flowers from Faget Woods nearby Cluj Napoca, Romania, in several development stages: bloom, early opened flower and mature opened (late) stage. All were pressed according to the best option: large numbers of paper pages between flower layers and average loading of around 3 kg uniform distributed over an A4 page format. The optical microscopy evidence a good pressing of the petals with a good cohesion among cellular walls. The final test shows that the Erytronium Dens Canis pressed flowers are suitable for Osibana compositions.
Keywords: Oshibana, Erythronium Dens Canis
Cuvinte cheie: Oshibana, Erythronium Dens Canis

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26-64 EFECTUL CUPRULUI ŞI A DEFORMĂRII MATERIALELOR SINTERIZATE PE BAZĂ DE FIER ASUPRA UNOR PROPRIETĂŢI MECANICE

THE EFFECT OF COPPER AND DEFORMATION ON SOME MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF IRON BASED SINTERED MATERIALS
The behaviour of materials to static solicitations and especially to dynamic solicitations is very influenced by the presence of pores in the structure. Their effect on the concentration of stresses is greater the more the pores are situated closer to the surface. It greatly depends on the type of solicitation that material is subjected to. The processing by plastic deformation can have a double effect. On one hand, it can lead to the hardening of the material; on the other hand, it leads to a favourable tension state in rapport with these types of solicitations. Experimental results show that the effect of superficial deformation of sintered materials on the mechanical properties is different according to the type of solicitation and the structure of the material. It has been observed that it has an important positive effect on the hardness, Young modulus and the behaviour to fatigue of sintered materials.
Keywords: plastic deformation, powder metallurgy, material properties

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26-63 ASUPRA TEHNOLOGIEI UNUI POL MAGNETIC SINTERIZAT

ON THE TECHNOLOGY OF A SINTERED MAGNETIC POLE
It is presented the technology of a sintered magnetic pole and the research needed to attain the necessary magnetic properties. It is started with iron powder, blended with lubricants, pressed in a double action die, sintered, and calibrated.
Keywords: iron powder, pressing, sintering, calibration

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26-58 MODIFICAREA STRUCTURII UNOR OŢELURI ÎNALT ALIATE ÎN URMA APLICĂRII UNUI TRATAMENT TERMIC ŞI CRIOGENIC (II)

MODIFICATION OF HIGH-ALLOYED STEEL GRADES BY APPLYING A HEAT TREATMENT AND CRYOGENIC (II)
Cryogenic treatment completes the classic heat treatment of steels with higher carbon content of 0.6 %, bringing substantially improving on properties, being very simple. Application of cryogenic treatment immediately after hardening has led to the increase in the percentage hardness of high-alloyed steels HS 18-1-1, RUL1 and X200Cr12 with 26.56 %, 34.5 % and 9.7 %. At the same time, Hardness Vickers values were increased with 41, 49 and 61 units, representing a 4.8 %, 6.3 % and 6.7 %, increase, as a result of martensitic transformation.
Keywords: martensitic transformation, low temperature, optical microscopy, Vickers hardness Cuvinte cheie: transformare martensitică, temperatură scăzută microscopie optică, duritate Vickers

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26-57 MODIFICAREA STRUCTURII UNOR OŢELURI ÎNALT ALIATE ÎN URMA APLICĂRII UNUI TRATAMENT TERMIC ŞI CRIOGENIC (I)

STRUCTURE MODIFICATION OF HIGH-ALLOYED STEEL BY APPLYING A HEAT AND CRYOGENIC TREATMENT (I)
Cryogenic treatment completes the classic heat treatment of steels with higher carbon content of 0.6 %, bringing substantially improving on properties, being very simple. Application of cryogenic treatment immediately after hardening has led to the increase in the percentage hardness of highalloyed steels HS 18-1-1, RUL1 and X200Cr12 with 26.56 %, 34.5 % and 9.7 %. At the same time, Hardness Vickers values were increased with 41, 49 and 61 units, representing a 4.8 %, 6.3 % and 6.7 %, increase, as a result of martensitic transformation.
Keywords: martensitic transformation, low temperature, optical microscopy, Vickers hardness

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25-31 MANAGEMENTUL ÎN ADMINISTRAŢIA PUBLICĂ

MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Whatever the theoretical foundations on which the foundation of
managerial decisions, there is a permanent contradiction between goals and
means, on the one hand, and on the other, between the various interest groups
to each other and each with administrative power.
Keywords: management, leadership, public management
Cuvinte cheie: management, conducere, management public
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25-30 REGULA DE AUR A MANAGEMENTULUI

THE GOLDEN RULE OF MANAGEMENT
The main instrument for improving managerial relationships is your
own behaviour. The golden rule of management is „treat others as you like to
be treated”. People must have independence.
Keywords: managerial communication, motivating staff
Cuvinte cheie: comunicare managerială, motivarea personalului
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25-17 UNELE ASPECTE INGINEREŞTI PRIVIND ARTA OSHIBANA

SOME ENGINEERING ASPECTS REGARDING
OSHIBANA ART
The pressed flower art, Oshibana, was developed by japans samurai
centuries ago. This art found followers in Romania, some of them being
Oshibana Maestro Artist. Inspired by them we found that some basic
engineering aspects are beyond the success in the flower pressing process.
The authors of this paper aim to practice these engineering aspects on the
vegetal material to obtain suitable Oshibana parts. We use petals from the
following flowers: yellow rose (Rosa L.), red carnation (Dianthus Caryophyllus),
and violet crocus (Crocus Vernus). The resulted pressed petals were
investigated with transmitted light optical microscope. The petals fibber network
was observed as well as the pigment alveoli. The petal cohesion under
pressure is assured by the cellulose fibres meanwhile the intracellular liquid is
absorbed by the press paper pages, finally the petal cells become flat and dry.
The pigment alveoli were distinct observed for all samples. Their diameter is
significantly increased under pressure ranging from 30 – 40 μm. The flattening
tendency is prone at Crocus and Dianthus and less intense at the Rose petal.
Keywords: pressed flowers, Oshibana, optical microscopy
Cuvinte cheie: flori presate, oshibana, microscopie optică
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17-39 INVESTIGAłII STRUCTURALE PRIVIND COMPOZIłIA ANTONINIENILOR ROMANI SUBERAłI

STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION CONCERNING THE
COMPOSITION OF FOUREE ROMAN ANTONINIAN
The antoninians were issued for the first time by Emperor Caracalla in
year 215 as a monetary reform. It was minted as double denar denomination in
order to preserve the silver title. The silver title and coin weight decrease soon
due to inflation. The fouree antoninians were issued at large scale by Emperor
Aurelianus featuring on the coin obverse the XXI inscription. The structural
investigation performed on some fouree antoninians issued by Aurelian,
Probus, and Diocletian, shows copper as coin core and the related corrosion
oxides compounds related to the loss of the silver foil due to the ground
corrosion. The calculation prove that the foil silver amount represents one part
silver to twenty copper parts, meaning that inscription XXI on the coin obverse
is an official silver title mark. The continuous decaying of antoninians quality
lead to a monetary reform after Diocletian reign.
Cuvinte cheie: antoninieni romani, patina, structura, difracŃie cu raze X

39 INVESTIGAłII STRUCTURALE PRIVIND COMPOZIłIA


17-37 APROXIMAREA ARIPII IDEALE PRIN DREPTE

APROXIMATION OF THE IDEAL WING BY STREIGHT LINES
The ideal wing has a parabola shape. Its realization is made
practically by using straight lines, resulting V wind, U wing, and Uoptimal wing.
Uoptimal wing is close to the parabola shape. Its deviation from the parabola is
of maximum 0.08 h (height of the wing extremity) at 0.5 t (t-half wingspan, 0 is
at the central wing), and to V wing (the most resistant to the shocks) of only 0,3
h, in the same point. U wing, having the extremities starting from the half of the
half wings, presents a 0.25 t deviation from parabola ideal wing and to V wing
of 0.5t in the same point (0.5 t), being less resistant to shocks.
Cuvinte cheie: aripă ideală, aripă V, aripă U, aripă Uoptim

37 APROXIMAREA ARIPII IDEALE PRIN DREPTE


17-14 CLIMATUL COMUNICĂRII MANAGERIALE

MANAGERIAL COMMUNICATION CLIMATE
Communication is the key support of interpersonal relations, the
primary means by which human society is maintained as a functional whole.
Therefore, attention that is given is a very large, with numerous studies and
Inspection which examines the constituent elements and how to streamline the
transfer of information.
To become an obligatory task manager to know the psychological
profile of his subordinates, those aspects characteristic, and communication
skills. It also must show readiness to adjust their behavior, their attitudes and
skills so as to develop a communication environment conducive to business
performance in good condition.
Cuvinte cheie: comunicare managerială, climat organizaŃional

14 CLIMATUL COMUNICĂRII MANAGERIALE


19-20 MANAGEMENTUL CONFLICTULUI

CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
Open conflict is opposition, the struggle between individuals or social
groups with divergent or incompatible destructive effects on social interaction.
This is a significant part of our life which, as mentioned numerous specialists in
human resources, there is inevitably, therefore it is difficult to imagine an
individual or organization that has not ever been involved in some type of
conflict. A minor conflict with opportunities for effective and immediate solution,
but which are delayed or misapplied degenerates, in most cases, in a major
conflict, its resolution approach involving additional expense of other
perspectives and resources. Conflict management includes a category of
preventive strategies and resolution, the competitive environment organization,
which organizes and coordinates the interaction dependence, is another
category of strategies by which conflict is legitimate and controlled by
confrontation, negotiations.
Keywords: conflict, conflict management
Cuvinte cheie: conflict1, managementul conflictului

20 MANAGEMENTUL CONFLICTULUI


19-21 STILURI DE CONDUCERE ŞI STRATEGII DE COMUNICARE LA NIVEL DE ORGANIZAŢIE

LEADERSHIP STYLES AND COMMUNICATION
STRATEGIES AND ORGANIZATIONAL
Communication style includes those features related to the objectives,
issuer, recipient, message, medium and communication channel, the situation
off, but the attitude and style and personal approach of the issuer.
The issuer’s communication style has a great impact on the
effectiveness, efficiency of communication in itself, and the communication
climate in general.
Keywords: leadership styles, communication strategies
Cuvinte cheie: stiluri de conducere, strategii de comunicare

21 STILURI DE CONDUCERE ŞI STRATEGII DE


19-78 DISTRIBUŢIA MINERALELOR ÎN CENUŞA DE HUILĂ DE LA TERMOCENTRALA PAROŞENI

MINERALS DISTRIBUTION IN COAL FLY ASH FROM
PAROSENI POWER PLANT
Large ash dumps, formed in time, are a high harmful potential for
environment. Our study points out the mineral contained in fly ash resulted at
Paroşeni power plant. The X-ray diffraction analysis reveals large amounts of
quartz, mullet, potasic feldspar, Seri cite and hydrated hematite. Microscopy
investigation prove that quartz particles keeps their initial equiaxial shape
meanwhile higher amount of mullet and hematite feature spherical shape due
to their melting during coal burning. The quantitative microscopic analysis
reveals three particles domains: the larger one having the average diameter of
100 μm, the intermediary one having the average diameter of 44 μm, and the
finest one having the average diameter of 23 μm. Quartz particles are often
found in the larger particle range, hematite hydrate and mullet are often found
in the intermediary particle range, meanwhile feldspar and Seri cite are situated
mainly in the finest particle range.
Keywords: ash, coal, power plant
Cuvinte cheie: cenuşă, huilă, termocentrală

78 DISTRIBUŢIA MINERALELOR ÎN CENUŞA DE HUILĂ


20-50 APLICABILITATEA LEGII VEGARD ÎN DETERMINAREA PARAMETRULUI CRISTALOGRAFIC LA PULBERILE ALIATE MECANIC

VEGARD LAW APLICABILITY IN CRYSTAL PARAMETER
DETERMINATION FOR MECHANICALLY ALLOYED
POWDERS
The performed investigations prove that applying the Vegard Law for
Cr-Fe binary alloys result values of crystal parameter in good concordance with
experimental results. This makes Vegard Law a useful theoretical tool for
estimation of crystal properties of further alloys. The viability of this law could
not be proved for ternary systems. We mention that Al and Co were introduced
as ternary component after 16 hours of previous milling of Fe-Cr powder
composition. The adding of ternary element such Al or Co at the beginning of
milling experiment is an open path for further investigation of the applicability of
Vegard Law to the ternary systems.
Keywords: Fe-Cr alloys, lattice parameter, solid solutions
Cuvinte cheie: aliaje Fe-Cr, parametru reţelei cristaline, soluţii solide

50 APLICABILITATEA LEGII VEGARD ÎN


20-55 TRANSFORMĂRI STRUCTURALE ALE OŢELULUI LEDEBURITIC X200Cr12 ÎN URMA APLICĂRII UNUI TRATAMENT TERMIC ŞI CRIOGENIC

STRUCTURAL TRANS FORMATIONS
OF THE X200Cr12 LEDEBURITIC STEEL AFTER A
CRYOGENIC HEAT TREATMENT
Cryogenic treatment completes the classic heat treatment of steels
with higher carbon content of 0.6 %, bringing substantially improving on
properties, being very simple.
In the case of X200Cr12 ledeburitic steel, the amount of residual
austenite was reduced from 20.03 % to 14.14 %, being transformed into
martensite, as a result of cryogenic treatment done immediately after
quenching.
Hardness Vickers values were increased with 61 units, representing a
6.7 % increase, as a result of martensitic transformation.
Keywords: steel ledeburitic X200Cr12, X-ray diffraction, martensitic
transformation, optical microscopy, low temperature
Cuvinte cheie: oţel ledeburitic X200Cr12, difracţie cu raze X,
transformare martensitică, microscopie optică, temperaturi scăzute

55 TRANSFORMĂRI STRUCTURALE ALE OŢELULUI


20-56 ASPECTE MORFOLOGICE ŞI STRUCTURALE ALE AMESTECULUI PULVERULENT Fe50Ni50 SUPUS ALIERII MECANICE

MORPHOLOGICAL AND STRUCTURAL ASPECTS
OF Fe50Ni50 POWDER MIXTURE SUBJECTED TO
MECHANICAL ALLOYING
The mechanical alloying experiment was performed inti a planetary
ball mill using elemental Fe and Ni powders mixed together at 50 wt. % ratio.
Powder samples were taken out after 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 48, and 64 hours of
milling. These samples were subjected to X-ray diffraction, sieving analysis,
and optical microscopy inspection. The results allow us to conclude that Ni
presents a ductile behaviour meanwhile Fe acts as a brittle component which
conducts to the forming of mixed particles of Ni embedding smaller Fe one. The
particle structure is more refined progressive with the milling time. Finally, the
solid solution of Fe in Ni FCC is completely formed at 64 hours of milling.
Keywords: Fe-Ni, alloy mechanical, planetary mill
Cuvinte cheie: Fe-Ni, aliere mecanică, moară planetară

56 ASPECTE MORFOLOGICE ŞI STRUCTURALE


23-19 COMUNICAREA INTERNĂ ÎN ORGANIZAŢII. O ABORDARE DIN PERSPECTIVA RELAŢIILOR PUBLICE

INTERNAL COMMUNICATION IN ORGANIZATIONS.
AN APPROACH FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PUBLIC
RELATIONS
Internal communication needs to start from the premise that the
employee’s relationship with the organization is determined by the
contribution/payment relationship and should not be assimilated to a form of
internal marketing identifies employee as a client. Communication strategy with
employees is an area of specialty within the broader function of public relations,
which requires accountability and responsibility at the level of leadership. And
that’s because the management did not have to look as happy and satisfied
employees work can turn into the best ambassadors of the company.
Cuvinte cheie: comunicare internă, comunicare managerială, climat de
comunicare
Keywords: internal communication, managerial communication,
climate of communication

23-19 COMUNICAREA INTERNĂ ÎN ORGANIZAŢII.


23-20 ABORDARE STRATEGICĂ A ACTULUI DE COMUNICARE MANAGERIALĂ, Partea I-a

STRATEGIC APPROACH OF
MANAGERIAL COMMUNICATION, Part 1
Communication is crucial in the effectiveness of a manager. Brian
Tracy [1] is very categorically stating that „if you cannot communicate,
cannot be leader.” But effective communication is based on trust, that
manager must know how to win from subordinates. Managers know how to
listen and to become a good manager, able to communicate effectively, you
must know to listen to the other. That’s because everyone always feels the
need to feel important and valuable. Especially, a subordinate leader will
consider actions that will help raise the self; it will make them enjoy longer, and,
consequently, make it more efficient gear organization operating.
Cuvinte cheie: comunicare managerială, climatul de comunicare
Keywords: managerial communication, climate of communication

23-20 ABORDARE STRATEGICĂ A ACTULUI DE COMUNICARE MANAGERIALĂ, Partea I-a


23-21 ABORDARE STRATEGICĂ A ACTULUI DE COMUNICARE MANAGERIALĂ, Partea a II-a

STRATEGIC APPROACH OF
MANAGERIAL COMMUNICATION, Part II
Communication is crucial in the effectiveness of a manager. Brian
Tracy [1] is very categorically stating that „if you cannot communicate,
cannot be leader.” But effective communication is based on trust, that
manager must know how to win from subordinates. Managers know how to
listen and to become a good manager, able to communicate effectively, you
must know to listen to the other. That’s because everyone always feels the
need to feel important and valuable. Especially, a subordinate leader will
consider actions that will help raise the self; it will make them enjoy longer, and,
consequently, make it more efficient gear organization operating.
Cuvinte cheie: comunicare managerială, climatul de comunicare
Keywords: managerial communication, the climate of communication

23-21 ABORDARE STRATEGICĂ A ACTULUI DE COMUNICARE MANAGERIALĂ, Partea a II-a


23-27 INVESTIGAREA COMPOZIȚIEI UNEI MOSTRE DE TENCUIALĂ VECHE

THE INVESTIGATION OF AN OLD
PLASTER SAMPLE
Wall plasters are featured since the first buildings are raised. They are
often found in Roman Empire for many applications such walls and hypocaust
structure. One of the main components in such plasters is broken brick. We
found broken brick in a usual plaster dating from 1950, along with quartz,
calcite, kaolinite, and portlandite. We can affirm that the investigated plaster
sample is more similar to the roman plasters than to the modern one.
Cuvinte cheie: tencuială, difracţie cu raze X
Keywords: surface-mounted, x-ray diffraction

23-27 INVESTIGAREA COMPOZIȚIEI UNEI MOSTRE


24-15 EXTINDEREA SOLUBILITĂŢII ÎN STARE SOLIDĂ A SISTEMULUI Fe-Ni PRIN ALIERE MECANICĂ

SOLID STATE SOLUBILITY EXTINCTION OF Fe-Ni SISTEM
BY MECHANICAL ALLOYING
Experiments took place in a high energy ball planetary mill, with four
villas. There were used 46 balls having 15 mm diameter to mill 100 g powder
mixtures of Fe80Ni20, Fe70Ni30, Fe60Ni40, Fe50Ni50, Fe40Ni60, Fe30Ni70,
Fe20Ni80 (figures in mass %) in each vial. Milling space of each vial was filled
a half with balls and powder and the balls/powder mass ratio was of 8: 1. There
were taken samples (5 g of mixture powder) at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 48, and 64
hours of milling. The appeared identified phases are solid solutions of Fe(VCC)
and Ni(FCC) in the milled mixtures subjected to a minimum 2 hours of milling.
Iron is imposing its crystallizing system between 70 – 100 mass % of Fe and
nickel between 40 – 100 mass % of Ni.
Cuvinte cheie: aliere mecanică, pulberi Fe – Ni, moară planetară
Keywords: mechanical alloying, Fe-Ni powders, planetary mill

15 EXTINDEREA SOLUBILITĂŢII ÎN STARE SOLIDĂ


24-20 CERCETǍRI PRIVIND OBŢINEREA PIESELOR INJECTATE DIN PULBERE DE FIER

RESEARCH FOR OBTAINING OF IRON POWDER
INJECTED PARTS
Complex shape parts of small size and made in mass production may
be economically produced by metallic or ceramic powder injection. This modern
technology considers using a multi-component binder added to a small grain
size powder (less than 40 μm). During spraying iron powder process results a
small grain size fraction, which can be used in obtaining of injected parts. There
are presented the results of our research for obtaining of parts by injection
moulding technology in present paper. Present results are referring to used
binder properties, injection conditions, resulting shrinkage after injection and
de-binding, as well as the causes of defects may appear in injected parts. It is
noticed that, in addition to the binder characteristics, the knowledge of injection
process parameters and the de-binding conditions are very important in the
injection moulding technology design in order to obtain parts without defects.
Cuvinte cheie: formarea prin injecţie, deliere, metalurgia pulberilor
Keywords: injection training, debinding, powder metallurgy

20 CERCETǍRI PRIVIND OBŢINEREA PIESELOR INJECTATE DIN PULBERE DE FIER


24-65 FREZĂ CILINDRO-FRONTALĂ PENTRU PRELUCRAREA ALUMINIULUI ŞI ALIAJELOR DIN ALUMINIU, CU PLĂCUŢE DURE, ASCUŢITE DUPĂ O NOUĂ GEOMETRIE

END-CYLINDRICAL MILLING CUTTER FOR
ALUMINIUM AND ALUMINIUM ALLOYS MACHINING, WITH
HARD TIPS, SHARPENED AFTER A NEW GEOMETRY
It was proposed as technical innovation – technical improvement – an
end-cylindrical milling cutter with a cylindrical handle, two teeth with hard tips,
shaped after a new geometry, for aluminum and aluminum alloys, having: α =
12°, β = 56°, and γ = 22°, 120 mm diameter, in 1962. The milling cutter of this
or modified shape (3 teeth, 200 mm diameter) was used for roughing and
finishing of aluminum and aluminum alloy parts for many years, up to present
paper (50 years). Recommended working regime is of 0.1 mm/tooth advance,
2-10 mm cutting depth, 40 m/s cutting speed. It was used the references
available in 1962, when the proposal for technical innovation was handled, with
the exception of [11, 14] issued latter.
Cuvinte cheie: Freză cilindro-frontală, plăcuţe dure, geometrie nouă
Keywords: End-cylindrical milling cutter, hard tips, new geometry

65 FREZĂ CILINDRO-FRONTALĂ PENTRU PRELUCRAREA ALUMINIULUI ŞI ALIAJELOR DIN ALUMINIU, CU PLĂCUŢE DURE,


21-111 INFLUENCE OF GRAİN SİZE ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Al2O3 – SiC COMPOSİTES

INFLUENCE OF GRAIN SIZE ON MECHANICAL
PROPERTIES OF Al2O3 – SiC COMPOSITES
Composite material of Al2O3/SiC was prepared by pressing Al2O3 and
SiC powders. The mechanical properties, including flexural strength,
compression strength, hardness, and resilience were studied. The amount of
SiC was 20, 30, and 40 vol. %. Sintering was done at 1650 oC for 1 h soaking
time in air. Porosity decreases as grain size of SiC is increasing. As increasing
the particle size the resistance of flexion decreases, the resistance of
compression is decreasing, HRA is highest for 20 % vol. SiC, and resilience is
highest for 40 vol.% SiC.
Keywords: Al2O3/SiC composites, flexural strength
Cuvinte cheie: compozite Al2O3/SiC, rezistenţă la încovoiere

111 INFLUENCE OF GRAİN SİZE ON MECHANICAL


21-73 DATE PRIVIND MINERALOGIA STERILULUI REZULTAT ÎN URMA SPĂLĂRII HUILEI LA PREPARAŢIILE DIN VESTUL BAZINULUI PETROŞANI

DATA CONCERNING THE MINERALOGY OF STERILE
RESULTED FROM PIT COAL WASHING AT WESTERN
PETROSANI BAZIN PREPARATIONS
The mineral composition of the sterile dumps formed during coal
exploitation and sorting was established during this research. There are found
quartz, potassium feldspar, biotite and calcite. The X-ray diffraction analysis
point out these minerals as well as pronounced crystalline state of the dumped
sterile. The optical mineralogical microscopy reveals the sterile particles
morphology, equiaxial for quartz and calcite and tabular – philliphorm for the
biotite and potassium feldspar. All issued minerals belong to the non coal
intercalations on the geological coal layers.
Cuvinte cheie: steril, huilă, preparaţie
Keywords: sterile, coal, preparation

73 DATE PRIVIND MINERALOGIA STERILULUI REZULTAT


21-30 ASPECTE PRIVIND COMPOZIŢIA PATINEI UNOR MONEDE ROMANE DE BRONZ

ASPECTS CONCERNING THE COMPOSITION OF SOME
BRONZE ROMAN COINS PATINA
The earlier roman bronze denominations, such as and sestertius, were
stroked in bronze (Cu Sn binary alloy). The coinage title decreases on the later
Roman Empire, silver denarius were finally replaced by the copper follies. The
X-ray diffraction analysis of such coins surface allows us to identify the rust
compounds. We found that on the bronze coins surface are developed mainly
copper oxides, hydroxides as well as tin oxide. We also reach a complex CuSn
hydroxide which gives a greenish yellow shade of the patina. The green hue of
patina is significant enhanced by the average of copper carbonate content also
found as a patina component. The copper foils feature only copper oxides and
hydroxides without carbonates. It proves that the investigated follies laid in a
more inert soil (e.g. quartz sand). The colour of patina is dark brown to shiny
black due to the refined mixture of copper oxides and hydroxide. Some quartz
traces were identified on the coins surfaces as residues of soil. The performed
analysis gives important data useful for modern fake’s identification.
Cuvinte cheie: patină, structură, difracţie cu raze X
Keywords: skate, structure, X-ray diffraction

30 ASPECTE PRIVIND COMPOZIŢIA PATINEI UNOR


21-9 INTELIGENŢA EMOŢIONALĂ – COMPONENTE, SEMNIFICAŢIE ŞI UTILITATE ÎN LEADERSHIP

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE – COMPONENTS,
SIGNIFICANT AND USEFUL IN LEADERSHIP
Once we become adults, no one expected to become more intelligent,
even our mental capacities can be used more effectively in the experience. This
is true for emotional intelligence. The way we communicate with others and
how we communicate with ourselves ultimately determines our quality of life.
The more we know each other better and understand better, the wiser
decisions we take and we will get better results. We can and we must
continually improve our emotional skills, to do everything possible to become a
more complete and fulfilled person.
Cuvinte cheie: comunicare, inteligenţa emoţională, conducere/
leadership
Keywords: communication, emotional intelligence, leadership

9 INTELIGENŢA EMOŢIONALĂ – COMPONENTE,


21-8 COMUNICAREA ÎN LEADERSHIP – EFICIENŢĂ ŞI PRINCIPII

COMMUNICATION IN LEADERSHIP –
EFFICIENCY AND PRINCIPLES
Communication is crucial in the effectiveness of a leader. Brian Tracy
is very categorically stating that „if you cannot communicate, cannot be leader.”
But effective communication is based on trust, that leader must know how to
win from subordinates. Leaders know how to listen and to become a good
leader, able to communicate effectively, you must know to listen to the other.
That’s because everyone always feels the need to feel important and valuable.
Especially, a subordinate leader will consider actions that will help raise the
self; it will make them enjoy longer, and, consequently, make it more efficient
gear organization operating.
Cuvinte cheie: comunicare, conducere/leadership, eficienţă
Keywords: communication, leadership, efficiency

8 COMUNICAREA ÎN LEADERSHIP –


22-36 INFLUENŢA PARAMETRILOR DE SINTERIZARE ASUPRA DURITĂŢII SINTERIZATELOR DIN PULBERE DE FIER DWP 400

The present paper is focused on the hardness of iron powder DWP
400 parts sintered in endogas. The effect of sintering parameters is studied.
There were prepared cylindrical specimens pressed at 600 MPa and sintered in
endogas at the temperature of 1120 0C and 900 0C for 30/60 minutes. Sintered
specimens were analyzed by optical microscopy, micro-hardness test and
macrohardness measurements. Increasing the temperature and duration of
sintering leads to a linear increase of hardness of specimens, influencing
strongly the density and the microstructure.
Cuvinte cheie: sinterizare, duritate, pulbere fier
Keywords: sintering, hardness, iron powder

36 INFLUENŢA PARAMETRILOR DE SINTERIZARE