RC


24-60 CONSIDERAŢII PRIVIND STUDIUL PROCESELOR TERMOGAZODINAMICE PRIN METODA STRATULUI LIMITĂ DINAMIC ŞI TERMIC LA ARMELE DE FOC

CONSIDERATION OF THE STUDY BY THE
METHOD LAYER TERMOGAZODINAMICE PROCESSES
LIMIT DYNAMIC AND HEAT SHIELD OF THE FIREARMS
This paper presents a study analytically, by means of dynamic and
thermal boundary layer processes occurring inside termogazodinamice and
muzzle, during firing guns.
Cuvinte cheie: proces termogazodinamic, strat limită dinamic şi
termic, jet de gaze, forţe de vâscozitate
Keywords: termogazodinamic process, dynamic and thermal boundary
layer, jet, force gas viscosity

60 CONSIDERAŢII PRIVIND STUDIUL PROCESELOR


24-61 COMPORTAREA ȘI REZISTENȚA LA CAVITAȚIE A DOUĂ OȚELURI INOXIDABILE CU STRUCTURI BIFAZICE DE AUSTENITĂ ȘI MARTENSITĂ

THE INFLUENCE OF THE TYPE AND FONCTIONAL
PARAMETERS OF THE VIBRATOR APPARAT UPON THE
EVOLUTION CAVITATION EROSION
This paper analyses the behaviour and resistance to cavitation for two
stainless steels with biphasic structures of austenite and martensite, in different
proportions.
The two steels have the similar content of nickel, but different
chromium and carbon. Degradation of the investigated surface is accomplished
by vibratory cavitation, produced in the piezoceramic crystal device T2, located
in Cavitation Laboratory, University Polytechnic Timisoara.
The research results are presented in the form of penetration speeds
erosion, the experimental points and the approximation analytical curves, as
well as the photos for the profile breakings, in a given section The conclusions
show that the steel, with higher carbon content and lower of the chrome, has a
superior strength and the behaviour of the lower carbon content and higher
chromium, although, the latter has a higher proportion of the martensite,
constituent considered with the highest resistance to cavitation.
Cuvinte cheie: eroziunea de cavitaţie, oţel inoxidabil, microstructură,
compoziţie chimică
Keywords: erosion of the cavitation, stainless steel, microstructure,
chemical composition

61 COMPORTAREA ȘI REZISTENȚA LA CAVITAȚIE A DOUĂ OȚELURI INOXIDABILE CU STRUCTURI BIFAZICE DE AUSTENITĂ ȘI MARTENSITĂ


24-62 ASPECTE PRIVIND AERONAVELE FĂRĂ PILOT

ASPECTS OF AIRCRAFT WITHOUT PILOT
The paper presents some aspects regarding the development of
unmanned aircraft (UAV – Unmanned Aerial Vehicle).
Cuvinte cheie: vehicule aeriene fără pilot, dronă aeriană, elicopter
Mini-UAV
Keywords: aircraft without pilot, aerial drone, helicopter Mini-UAV

62 ASPECTE PRIVIND AERONAVELE FĂRĂ PILOT


24-63 SISTEMELE ELECTROENERGETICE DE LA BORDUL AERONAVELOR

GRIDS FROM AIRCRAFT These first papers try to describe the beginning of electrical systems and their development in the aeronautically field. We described the power systems and their parameters, the influence of different perturbations against on-board systems and make consideration about the use of magnetic circuit with permanent magnets based on rare earth in aircraft manufacturing. Cuvinte cheie: sisteme electroenergetice de bord, perturbaţii, magneţi permanenţi, performanțe Keywords: power systems, noise, permanent magnets, performing

63 SISTEMELE ELECTROENERGETICE DE


24-64 APLICAŢII ALE MAGNEŢILOR PERMANENŢI ÎN INDUSTRIE. MAGNETUL PERMANENT. ALEGERE. STABILITATE

APPLICATIONS OF PERMANENT MAGNETS IN THE
INDUSTRY. PERMANENT MAGNET. CHOICE. STABILITY
These second papers try to describe the behaviour of permanent
magnets in front of the influence of different perturbation against them, and few
methods to limitate or eliminate their effect. We’ve talked about magnetic
stability and we tryed to plot the behaviour in time of permanent magnets for
different work temperature.
Cuvinte cheie: magneți permanenți, temperatură de lucru, pământuri
rare, performanțe
Keywords: permanent magnets, working temperature, rare earths,
performing

64 APLICAŢII ALE MAGNEŢILOR PERMANENŢI ÎN INDUSTRIE. MAGNETUL PERMANENT.


24-65 FREZĂ CILINDRO-FRONTALĂ PENTRU PRELUCRAREA ALUMINIULUI ŞI ALIAJELOR DIN ALUMINIU, CU PLĂCUŢE DURE, ASCUŢITE DUPĂ O NOUĂ GEOMETRIE

END-CYLINDRICAL MILLING CUTTER FOR
ALUMINIUM AND ALUMINIUM ALLOYS MACHINING, WITH
HARD TIPS, SHARPENED AFTER A NEW GEOMETRY
It was proposed as technical innovation – technical improvement – an
end-cylindrical milling cutter with a cylindrical handle, two teeth with hard tips,
shaped after a new geometry, for aluminum and aluminum alloys, having: α =
12°, β = 56°, and γ = 22°, 120 mm diameter, in 1962. The milling cutter of this
or modified shape (3 teeth, 200 mm diameter) was used for roughing and
finishing of aluminum and aluminum alloy parts for many years, up to present
paper (50 years). Recommended working regime is of 0.1 mm/tooth advance,
2-10 mm cutting depth, 40 m/s cutting speed. It was used the references
available in 1962, when the proposal for technical innovation was handled, with
the exception of [11, 14] issued latter.
Cuvinte cheie: Freză cilindro-frontală, plăcuţe dure, geometrie nouă
Keywords: End-cylindrical milling cutter, hard tips, new geometry

65 FREZĂ CILINDRO-FRONTALĂ PENTRU PRELUCRAREA ALUMINIULUI ŞI ALIAJELOR DIN ALUMINIU, CU PLĂCUŢE DURE,


24-66 GENERAREA MELCULUI TOROIDAL PENTRU RECTIFICAREA ROŢII ANGRENAJULUI PINION CILINDRIC-ROATĂ FRONTALĂ

GENERATING THE T0ROIDAL WORM FOR GRINDING
THE TEETH OF FACE-GEAR OF FACE-GEAR DRIVE
The paper presents the basic elements of generating through
pro/ENGINEER application of the toroid worm for grinding the face-gear of
face-gear drive.
Cuvinte cheie: melc generator toroidal
Keywords: snail toroid generator

66 GENERAREA MELCULUI TOROIDAL PENTRU RECTIFICAREA ROŢII ANGRENAJULUI PINION CILINDRIC-ROATĂ FRONTALĂ


24-67 GENERAREA PINIONULUI ŞI ROŢII DINŢATE CU DINŢI CURBI KLINGELNBERG-PALLOID PRIN APLICAŢIA Pro/ENGINEER

GENERATING OF THE PINION AND THE WHEEL FOR
KLINGELNBERG-PALLOID DRIVE THROUGH
APPLICATION Pro/ENGINEER
The paper presents the basic elements of generating the pinion and
the wheell for Klingelnberg-Palloid drive
Cuvinte cheie: roată generatoare, aplicația Pro/ENGINEER, pinion
și roată dințată cu dinți curbi
Keywords: wheel generators, software Pro\/ENGINEER, pinion and
gear with curved teeth

67 GENERAREA PINIONULUI ŞI ROŢII DINŢATE


24-68 DETERMINAREA PRAMETRILOR GEOMETRICI LA UN ANGRENAJ MELC-ROATĂ PLANĂ. STUDIU DE CAZ (I)

DETERMINATIONS OF THE GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS
FOR THE WORM-FACE GEAR DRIVE FOR A CASE STUDY (I)
The paper presents the basic algorithm for determinations of the
geometrical parameters for the worm-face gear drive for a case study
Cuvinte cheie: parametri geometrici, angrenaj melc-roată plană
Keywords: geometrical parameters, gear worm-wheel hover

68 DETERMINAREA PRAMETRILOR GEOMETRICI


24-69 DETERMINAREA PRAMETRILOR GEOMETRICI LA UN ANGRENAJ MELC-ROATĂ PLANĂ. STUDIU DE CAZ (II)

DETERMINATIONS OF THE GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS
FOR THE WORM-FACE GEAR DRIVE
FOR A CASE STUDY (II)
The paper presents the basic algorithm for determinations of the
geometricall parameters for the worm-face gear drive for a case study
Cuvinte cheie: parametri geometrici, angrenaj melc-roată plană
Keywords: geometrical parameters, gear worm-wheel hover

69 DETERMINAREA PRAMETRILOR GEOMETRICI


24-70 DETERMINAREA PRECIZIEI DE GENERARE A SUPRAFEŢEI ELICOIDALE REALIZATE CU UN DISPOZITIV ATAŞABIL PE MAŞINI-UNELTE DE RECTIFICAT PLAN

THE DETERMINATION OF GENERATING ACCURACY
OF ELICOID SURFACE WITH A DEVICE ATTACHABLE
ON THE PLANE GRINDING MACHINE
The paper presents the basic elements for determination of generating
accuracy of helicoid surface with a device attachable on the plane grinding
machine.
Cuvinte cheie: suprafaţă elicoidală
Keywords: helical surface

70 DETERMINAREA PRECIZIEI DE GENERARE


24-71 CONSIDERAŢII TEORETICE ASUPRA SUPRAFEŢELOR PRINCIPALE LA ANGRENAJELE ORTOGONALE MELC-ROATĂ MELCATĂ (I)

TEORETICAL COSIDERATIONS ABOUT MAIN SURFACES
OF ORTHOGONAL WORM-GEAR DRIVES (I)
The paper presents the basic elements about the geometry of helicall
surfaces of the orthogonal worm- gear drives, after dissertation of Christian
Häner, Ph.D.
Cuvinte cheie: suprafeţe elicoidale
Keywords: helical surfaces

71 CONSIDERAŢII TEORETICE ASUPRA SUPRAFEŢELOR


24-72 CONSIDERAŢII TEORETICE ASUPRA SUPRAFEŢELOR PRINCIPALE LA ANGRENAJELE ORTOGONALE MELC-ROATĂ MELCATĂ (II)

TEORETICAL COSIDERATIONS ABOUT MAIN SURFACES
OF ORTHOGONAL WORM-GEAR DRIVES (II)
The paper presents the basic elements about the geometry of helicall
surfaces of the orthogonal worm- gear drives, after dissertation of Christian
Häner, Ph.D.
Cuvinte cheie: suprafeţe elicoidale
Keywords: helical surfaces

72 CONSIDERAŢII TEORETICE ASUPRA SUPRAFEŢELOR


24-73 CONSIDERAŢII ASUPRA POSIBILITĂŢII DE MANUFACTURARE A FREZELOR MELC CONICE LA S.C. SCULĂRIA SRL CUGIR (I)

CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT POSSIBILITY OF
MANUFACTURE OF CONICAL HOB
AT S.C. SCULĂRIA SRL CUGIR (I)
The paper presents the basic elements about possibility of
manufacture of conical hob at S.C. Sculăria srl Cugir
Cuvinte cheie: freza melc conică
Keywords: snail taper milling

73 CONSIDERAŢII ASUPRA POSIBILITĂŢII DE MANUFACTURARE A FREZLOR MELC CONICE


24-74 CONSIDERAŢII ASUPRA POSIBILITĂŢII DE MANUFACTURARE A FREZLOR MELC CONICE LA S.C. SCULĂRIA SRL CUGIR (II)

CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT POSSIBILITY
OF MANUFACTURE OF CONICAL HOB
AT S.C. SCULĂRIA SRL CUGIR (II)
The paper presents the basic elements about possibility of
manufacture of conical hob at S.C. Sculăria srl Cugir
Cuvinte cheie: freza melc conică
Keywords: snail taper milling

74 CONSIDERAŢII ASUPRA POSIBILITĂŢII DE MANUFACTURARE A FREZLOR MELC CONICE


24-76 ANGRENAJE CU AXE PARALELE AVÂND PROFILURI SPECIALE

GEAR AXIS PARALLEL HAVING SPECIAL PROFILES
Gears with parallel axes with neevolventic’s profile can be used in
industrial watchmaker, and general construction machinery, taking into account
the current technological possibilities in manufacturing gears.
Cuvinte cheie: angrenaj, roată dinţată, transmisii, pinion
Keywords: gear, cogwheel, transmission, pinion

76 ANGRENAJE CU AXE PARALELE AVÂND


24-77 POSIBILITATEA DE UTILIZARE A ANGRENAJELOR CICLOIDALE CU PROFILURLE DINŢILOR TEORETIC EXACTE LA FOCOASE FUZANTE CU MECANISM DE CEASORNIC (I)

THE UTILISATION POSSIBILITY OF CYCLOIDAL GEARING
WITH THEORETICAL EXACT TOOTHING PROFILEES FOR
FUSE WITH WATCH MECHANISM
The paper presents the utilisation possibility of cycloidal gearing with
theoretical exact too thing profiles for fuse with watch mechanism.
Cuvinte cheie: dantură cicloidală
Keywords: gear cicloidala

77 POSIBILITATEA DE UTILIZARE A ANGRENAJELOR CICLOIDALE CU PROFILURLE DINŢILOR TEORETIC EXACTE LA FOCOASE FUZANTE CU MECANISM DE CEASORNIC (I)


24-78 POSIBILITATEA DE UTILIZARE A ANGRENAJELOR CICLOIDALE CU PROFILURLE DINŢILOR TEORETIC EXACTE LA FOCOASE FUZANTE CU MECANISM DE CEASORNIC (II)

THE UTILISATION POSSIBILITY OF CYCLOIDAL GEARING
WITH THEORETICAL EXACT TOOTHING PROFILEES FOR
FUSE WITH WATCH MECHANISM
The paper presents the utilisation posibility of cycloidal gearing with
theoretical exact toothing profiles for fuse with watch mechanism.
Cuvinte cheie: dantură cicloidală
Keywords: gear cicloidala

78 POSIBILITATEA DE UTILIZARE A ANGRENAJELOR CICLOIDALE CU PROFILURLE DINŢILOR TEORETIC EXACTE LA FOCOASE FUZANTE CU MECANISM DE CEASORNIC (II)


24-79 EINIGE FRAGEN BEZÜGLICH DES ELEKTRISCHEN WIDERSTANDS VON THERMOELEMENTEN

UNELE PROBLEME PRIVIND REZISTENŢA ELECTRICĂ
A TERMOCUPLURILOR
La măsurarea temperaturii cu termocupluri apare o variaţie nedorită a
rezistenţei electrice a acestora în funcţie de lungimea de introducere în mediul
de măsurare şi de temperatura medie a lor. În cadrul acestei comunicări se
tratează determinarea prin măsurare şi prin calcul a rezistenţei electrice a
termocuplurilor aflate în exploatare, cu prezentarea diagramelor aferente şi a
unor exemple pentru termocuplul PtRh-Pt.
Bei Temperaturmessungen mit Thermoelementen tritt eine unerwünschte
Änderung des elektrischen Widerstandes der Thermopaare ein, abhängig
von der Länge ihres Einbaus und von ihrer mittlerer Temperatur. Innerhalb
dieses Aufsatzes wird die Bestimmung durch Messen oder durch Rechnen des
elektrischen Widerstands von in Betrieb befindlichen Thermoelementen,
behandelt. Gleichzeitig wurden Diagramme entwickelt in diesem Sinn, mit
konkreten Beispiele für ein PtRh-Pt Thermoelement.
Cuvinte cheie: termocupluri în exploatare, rezistenţa electrică
Schlüsselwörter: Thermoelementen in Betrieb, elektrische Widerstand

79 EINIGE FRAGEN BEZÜGLICH DES ELEKTRISCHEN WIDERSTANDS VON THERMOELEMENTEN


24-80 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE DEFORMATION STATE FOR THE OPTIMIZED DESIGN SPHERE-CYLINDER SHELL GRP UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE

STUDIU COMPARATIV AL STĂRII DE DEFORMAȚII PENTRU
DESIGNUL ÎNVELITORII SFERĂ-CILINDRU GRP SUB
PRESIUNE INTERNĂ
Acest articol prezintă un studiu relativ la deplasarea totală a unei
învelitori cilindru-sferă GRP de grosime constantă supusă unei presiuni interne,
comparativ cu deplasarea totală pentru opt profile optimizate ale aceluiași tip
de învelitoare supusă la aceeași presiune internă. Concluzia este că
deplasarea totală este mică pentru învelitoarea optimizată prin metoda propusă
de autoare [4], pentru valoare minimă a tensiunii echivalente von Mises
semnalată la analiza stării de tensiuni, deplasarea totală δ*max cylinder =
0,673 mm reprezentând aproximativ jumătate din valoarea deplasării totale
pentru învelitoarea neoptimizată δ i
maxcylinder = 1,244 mm.
This article presents a study relative to the total displacement of a
cylinder-sphere covers GRP constant thickness subjected to internal pressure, as
compared to the total displacement profiles optimized for eight of the same type of
parcel subject to the same internal pressure. The conclusion is that the total
displacement is small for optimized by method of covering proposed by author [4],
for the minimum value of the voltage equivalent to von Mises condition analysis of
reported tensions, the total displacement δ*max cylinder = 0.673 mm representing about
half of the total displacement no optimization δ imaxcylinder = covering 1.244 mm.
Cuvinte cheie: deplasare totală, învelitoare cilindru-sferă, GRP, profil
optimizat
Keywords: total displacement, covers the cylinder, the sphere, GRP,
optimized profile

80 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE DEFORMATION STATE FOR THE OPTIMIZED DESIGN SPHERE-CYLINDER SHELL GRP UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE


24-81 OPTIMIZATION IN THE ELASTIC LINEAR FIELD OF THIN SHELL CYLINDER-SPHERE GRP UNDER SMALL INTERNAL CONSTANT AND UNIFORM PRESSURE

OPTIMIZAREA ÎN CÂMP ELASTIC LINIAR A UNEI ÎNVELITORI
CILINDRU-SFERĂ GRP SUPUSĂ UNEI PRESIUNI INTERNE
CONSTANTE ŞI UNIFORME
Articolul prezintă un studiu cu privire la optimizarea unui profil de
învelitoare cilindru-sferă GRP (Glass Reinforsed Plastic), calculată în domeniul
elastic linear pentru o valoare mică de presiune constantă și uniformă. Se
prezintă rezultatele cercetărilor făcute de J.Leach [4] pentru câteva profile de
învelitoare, relativ la starea de tensiuni și deformaţii utilizând programul
BOSOR [4] bazat pe metoda diferenţelor finite. În continuare se prezintă
rezultatele cercetărilor făcute de autoare relativ la trei învelitori cilindru-sferă,
optimizate prin impunerea a trei tensiuni echivalente von Mises constante pe
întreaga învelitoare, utilizând metoda propusă de autoare [2] care are la bază
ecuaţiile de echilibru ale teoriei clasice în domeniul elastic linear. Analiza stării
de tensiuni și deformatii este realizată cu ajutorul analizei FEM utilizând
programul NASTRAN V4.0 [5], pentru cele trei situaţii de optimizare ale
învelitorii cilindru-sferă prin programul OPTIMISES [3] rezultate prin impunerea
a trei tensiuni echivalente von Mises σVme = 5 MPa, σVme = 9,007 MPa,
respectiv σVMe = 17,96 MPa.
La sfârșit se face o analiză cuprinzând rezultatele opţinute relativ la
tensiunile circumferenţiale, echivalente von Mises, și relativ la deplasarea
totală, pentru profilele optimizate, evidenţiind rezultatele obţinute prin metoda
propusă de Dora Florea [3].
The article presents a study about optimizing a parcel profile cylindersphere
GRP (Glass Reinforsed Plastic), calculated in linear elastic for a small
value constant and uniform pressure.
579
Cuvinte cheie: optimizare, design, tensiune echivalentă von Mises,
deplasare totală, GRP
Keywords: optimization, design, santers von Mises, total displacement,
GRP

81 OPTIMIZATION IN THE ELASTIC LINEAR FIELD OF THIN SHELL CYLINDER-SPHERE GRP UNDER SMALL INTERNAL CONSTANT AND UNIFORM PRESSURE


24-82 STUDY OF STRESS AND DISPLACEMENT FOR AN OPTIMIZED PROFIL OF SPHERE-CYLINDER GRP UNDER THE DIFFERENT LOAD OF INTERNAL PRESSURE

STUDII DE TENSIUNI ŞI DEFORMAŢII PENTRU UN PROFIL
SFERĂ-CILINDRU GRP SUB DIFERITE ÎNCĂRCĂRI DE
PRESIUNE INTERNĂ
Articolul prezintă un studiu al stării de tensiuni și deplasări realizat cu
programul NASTRAN V4.0 pentru o învelitoare cilindru-sferă GRP optimizată
după metoda propusă de autoare [1] cu ajutorul programului OPTIMISIS [2]
pentru valoarea tensiunii echivalente von Mises σVM = 50 MPa și supusă
presiunii p = 4 MPa. Modelul de învelitoare optimizat a fost studiat pentru
presiunile de 0.4 MPa, 4 MPa și 40 MPa. Concluzia este ca valoarea tensiunii
echivalente von Mises σVM și deplasarea totală δt crește cu creșterea presiunii
dar valoarea tensiunii von Misses σVMo și deplasarea totală δto pentru modelul
optimizat sunt foarte mici in comparaţie cu valoarea tensiunii echivalente von
Mises și deplasării totale pentru aceleași încărcări dar pentru învelitoarea
cilindru-sferă neoptimizată și de grosime constantă t = 10 mm.
The article presents a study of the State of tension and displacements
with NASTRAN Software v4.0 for cylinder-sphere a GRP optimized after the
proposed method by the author [1] with OPTIMISIS [2] for the equivalent
voltage von Mises σVM = 50 MPa and subject to pressure of p = 4 MPa.
Cuvinte cheie: tensiune echivalentă von Mises, deplasare totală,
învelitoare sferă-cilindru GRP, metoda elementelor finite
587
Keywords: equal von Mises stress, displacement, covers the spherecylinder
GRP, finite elements method

82 STUDY OF STRESS AND DISPLACEMENT FOR


24-83 CONSIDERATION ABOUT AERONAUTICAL MAINTENANCE AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CONSIDERAȚII DESPRE SISTEMUL DE
MANAGEMENT AL SIGURANȚEI AERONAUTICE
The present paper regards elements about safety management
system and maintenance in civil and military aeronautical field. All organization
must correlate the minimum risk with higher performance in their specific
activity.
Lucrarea de faţă analizează elementele ce privesc sistemul de
management al siguranței și întreținere în domeniul aeronautic civil şi militar. În
activitatea lor specifică, toate organizaţiile trebuie să coreleze un risc minim cu
performanţe superioare.
Keywords: maintenance, risk management, safety, costs
Cuvinte cheie: întreţinere, managementul riscului, siguranța, costuri

83 CONSIDERATION ABOUT AERONAUTICAL MAINTENANCE AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM


21-111 INFLUENCE OF GRAİN SİZE ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Al2O3 – SiC COMPOSİTES

INFLUENCE OF GRAIN SIZE ON MECHANICAL
PROPERTIES OF Al2O3 – SiC COMPOSITES
Composite material of Al2O3/SiC was prepared by pressing Al2O3 and
SiC powders. The mechanical properties, including flexural strength,
compression strength, hardness, and resilience were studied. The amount of
SiC was 20, 30, and 40 vol. %. Sintering was done at 1650 oC for 1 h soaking
time in air. Porosity decreases as grain size of SiC is increasing. As increasing
the particle size the resistance of flexion decreases, the resistance of
compression is decreasing, HRA is highest for 20 % vol. SiC, and resilience is
highest for 40 vol.% SiC.
Keywords: Al2O3/SiC composites, flexural strength
Cuvinte cheie: compozite Al2O3/SiC, rezistenţă la încovoiere

111 INFLUENCE OF GRAİN SİZE ON MECHANICAL


21-110 ASUPRA UNOR PARTICULARITĂŢI ALE OBOSELII DE FRETTING (II)

ON SOME PARTICULARITIES OF FRETTING FATIGUE (II)
Fretting is a process which invariably occurs on contracting surfaces of
tightly metal joints subjected to vibration loading. The superficial damage caused
by the rubbing of the contacting surfaces together with the severe stress gradient
under the contact region accelerate the nucleation and early growth of cracks
witch can lead to catastrophic failure of there is a least one of the components of
the fitting subjected to a remote fatigue load. This is the so called fretting fatigue
phenomenal. The aircraft industry is per hops one of the most affected by the
fretting fatigue problem.
Cuvinte cheie: oboseală de fretting
Keywords: fretting fatigue

110 ASUPRA UNOR PARTICULARITĂŢI ALE


21-109 ASUPRA UNOR PARTICULARITĂŢI ALE OBOSELII DE FRETTING (I)

ON SOME PARTICULARITIES OF FRETTING FATIGUE (I)
Fretting is a process which invariably occurs on contracting surfaces
of tightly metal joints subjected to vibrational loading. The superficial damage
caused by the rubbing of the contacting surfaces together with the severe
stress gradient under the contact region accelerate the nucleation and early
growth of cracks witch can lead to catastrophic failure of there is a least one of
the components of the fitting subjected to a remote fatigue load. This is the so
called fretting fatigue phenomena. The aircraft industry is perhaps one of the
most affected by the fretting fatigue problem.
Cuvinte cheie: oboseală de fretting
Keywords: fretting fatigue

109 ASUPRA UNOR PARTICULARITĂŢI ALE


21-108 STUDIUL VITEZEI DE CREŞTERE A FISURII ÎN RAPORT CU MODELUL MATEMATIC PROPUS

STUDY OF SPEED INCREASE OF THE CRACK
IN RELATION TO MATHEMATICAL MODEL PROPOSED
It has been carried out a study of the crack propagation rate in testpieces
with flat model CT, with side notch, from a 10TiNiCr175 mark stainless,
by three known variants: polynomial method according to ASTM 647-95, Paris
method and Forman method. It was examined the influence of temperature
variation to low values, for an axial cyclic eccentric strain. Asymmetry coefficient
by working was R = 0,3, and the temperatures T = 293 K, T = 253 K,
respectively T = 213 K.
Cuvinte cheie: solicitare ciclică, coeficient de asimetrie, fisură, viteză
de fisurare, factor de intensitate a tensiunii
Keywords: application cyclical asymmetry coefficient, crack, crack
speed, voltage intensity factor

108 STUDIUL VITEZEI DE CREŞTERE A FISURII ÎN


21-107 METODE DE DETERMINARE A REZISTENȚEI LA OBOSEALĂ partea a Il-a

METODHS FOR DETERMINING THE RESISTANCE
TO FATIGUE – II
Although the total number of parts that break during service is not
great, however over 50 % of the breaks are caused by fatigue cracking or
corrosion fatigue, and so is of a great importance the knowledge and mastery
of this phenomenon.
The present work contains both a summary of methods for
determining the resistance to fatigue and also the procedures for determining
the coefficient of safety in different situations.
Cuvinte cheie: durabilitate, rezistență, oboseală, diagramă
Keywords: durability, resistance, fatigue, diagram

107 METODE DE DETERMINARE A REZISTENȚEI LA


21-106 CONSIDERAŢII PRIVIND NECESITATEA ABORDĂRII FENOMENULUI DE OBOSEALĂ LA MAI MULTE SCĂRI. OBOSEALA MESOSCOPICĂ (III)

CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE NECESSITY OF
FATIGUE APPROACH ON DIFFERENT SCALES.
FATIGUE MESOSCOPIC (III)
An extensive literature review is presented in this paper, composed of
several parts, regarding the present-day topic of mesoscopic fatigue of
materials. This subject is scarcely represented in the literature from our country.
The authors present a short and accessible approach in order to
familiarize research and production engineers with the new aspects of fatigue
calculation based on the transition from macro to meso scale. Mesoscopic
fatigue takes into account the material’s behavior at the level of crystal grains.
Cuvinte cheie: oboseală, număr cicluri, macroscopic, mesoscopic
Keywords: fatigue, number of cycles, macroscopic, mesoscopic

106 CONSIDERAŢII PRIVIND NECESITATEA ABORDĂRII


21-105 CONSIDERAŢII PRIVIND NECESITATEA ABORDĂRII FENOMENULUI DE OBOSEALĂ LA MAI MULTE SCĂRI. OBOSEALA MESOSCOPICĂ (II)

CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE NECESSITY OF
FATIGUE APPROACH ON DIFFERENT SCALES.
FATIGUE MESOSCOPIC (II)
An extensive literature review is presented in this paper, composed of
several parts, regarding the present-day topic of mesoscopic fatigue of
materials. This subject is scarcely represented in the literature from our country.
The authors present a short and accessible approach in order to
familiarize research and production engineers with the new aspects of fatigue
calculation based on the transition from macro to meso scale. Mesoscopic
fatigue takes into account the material’s behavior at the level of crystal grains.
Cuvinte cheie: oboseală, număr cicluri, macroscopic, mesoscopic
Keywords: fatigue, number of cycles, macroscopic, mesoscopic

105 CONSIDERAŢII PRIVIND NECESITATEA ABORDĂRII


21-104 CONSIDERAŢII PRIVIND NECESITATEA ABORDĂRII FENOMENULUI DE OBOSEALĂ LA MAI MULTE SCĂRI. OBOSEALA MESOSCOPICĂ (I)

CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE NECESSITY OF
FATIGUE APPROACH ON DIFFERENT SCALES. FATIGUE
MESOSCOPIC (I)
An extensive literature review is presented in this paper, composed of
several parts, regarding the present-day topic of mesoscopic fatigue of
materials. This subject is scarcely represented in the literature from our country.
The authors present a short and accessible approach in order to
familiarize research and production engineers with the new aspects of fatigue
calculation based on the transition from macro to meso scale. Mesoscopic
fatigue takes into account the material’s behavior at the level of crystal grains.
Cuvinte cheie: oboseală, număr cicluri, macroscopic, mesoscopic
Keywords: fatigue, number of cycles, macroscopic, mesoscopic

104 CONSIDERAŢII PRIVIND NECESITATEA ABORDĂRII


21-103 UN ASPECT AL ESTIMĂRII TENACITĂŢII LA RUPERE, δc

AN ASPECT OF ESTIMATING OF THE FRACTURE
TOUGHNESS δc
Between main characteristics, praising the fracture toughness of
materials, there are different relations. The present paper is praising some
difficulties which concerning the fracture toughness, on the basis of a method
which allow to estimate another characteristic, much easy to determine.
Cuvinte cheie: tenacitate la rupere, caracteristici mecanice,
temperatură
Keywords: fracture toughness, mechanical properties, temperature

103 UN ASPECT AL ESTIMĂRII TENACITĂŢII


21-102 RECONSTITUIREA GEOMETRIEI UNUI IMPLANT DE GENUNCHI

REVERSE ENGINEERING OF A KNEE IMPLANT
The objective of the application is to describe the reverse engineering
stages to transform a real knee implant into a virtual geometry, using the
Noomeo Optinum 3D scanner, Numisoft and Rapidform XOR3 software.
Cuvinte cheie: inginerie inversă, scanner 3D, implant
Keywords: Reverse Engineering, 3D scanner, implant

102 RECONSTITUIREA GEOMETRIEI UNUI


21-101 DETERMINAREA SENSIBILITATII UNUI NOU SENZOR MINIATURAL DE PRESIUNE CU FIBRA OPTICĂ, PENTRU APLICAȚII MEDICALE, O OPORTUNITATE PENTRU TERAPIA ÎMPOTRIVA PULSAȚIILOR INTRAAORTICE (IABP = INTRA-AORTIC BALLOON POMPE)

DETERMINATION OF SENSITIVITY OF A NEW MINIATURE
FIBER OPTIC PRESSURE SENSOR FOR MEDICAL
APPLICATIONS, AN OPPORTUNITY FOR THERAPY AGAINST
INTRA-AORTIC PULSATION
The paper presents a miniature fiber optic pressure sensor for medical
applications, based on Fabry-Perrault White Light Interferometry and a method
for determining the sensitivity of a new sensor.
Cuvinte cheie: sensor, sensibilitate, fibră optică
Keywords: sensor, sensitivity, fiber optics

101 DETERMINAREA SENSIBILITATII UNUI NOU SENZOR


21-100 TENSIUNI ŞI DEFORMAŢII PROVOCATE DE GREUTATEA ZĂPEZII LA CĂPRIORUL UNEI ŞARPANTE DIN LEMN

STRESSES AND DEFORMATIONS IN FARMING
OF WOOD RAFTER CAUSED BY SNOW WEIGHT
This paper analyses the stresses and deformations in farming of wood
rafter caused by snow weight. The finite element method was used to
determine stresses and deformations. Were analyzed several variants of
dimensional framing.
Cuvinte cheie: şarpantă, căpriori, tensiuni, deformaţii
Keywords: sloping, roof, stress, strain

100 TENSIUNI ŞI DEFORMAŢII PROVOCATE DE


21-99 PROIECTAREA ŞI VERIFICAREA STRUCTURII DE REZISTENŢĂ A UNUI AUTOTURISM DE TEREN TIP “BUGGY”

STRUCTURAL STRENGTH DESIGN AND VERIFICATION OF
AN OFF-ROAD, “BUGGY” TYPE AUTOMOBILE
Within the current paper the author presents the results of the
structural strength analysis, made for the design and verification process of an
off-road, “buggy” type automobile.
The main technical characteristics for the new lightweight automobile,
that was designed, were set by the comparative analysis of different
constructive variants of this type of automobiles that have already been made.
The structural strength of the „buggy” was verified by a calculation
using the finite element method. The paper presents the values of the strains
and displacements obtained by running the program for the loading cases that
have been considered.
Cuvinte cheie : autoturism tip Buggy, structura de rezistenţa, metoda
elementelor finite
Keywords: Buggy car type, structure, strength, finite element

99 PROIECTAREA ŞI VERIFICAREA


21-98 SIGURANŢA STRUCTURILOR METALICE ÎN EXPLOATARE

THE SAFETY IN EXPLOITING METALLIC
CONSTRUCTIONS
The paper analyses the safety in exploiting metallic constructions. In
order to verify the limit conditions, corrections were introduce by using some
dimensionless numerical coefficients, determined for each analyzed limit
condition, which will cover unfavorable influences of different factors.
Cuvinte cheie: siguranţă, stare limită, coeficienţi, îmbinare
Keywords: safety, level measurement, ratios, jointing

98 SIGURANŢA STRUCTURILOR METALICE


21-97 INSTALAŢIE EXPERIMENTALĂ PENTRU EFECTUAREA ÎNCERCĂRILOR LA FLUAJ

EXPERIMENTAL DEVICE FOR PERFORMING
TRIALS RELATED TO CREEP
This paper aims at presenting an experimental device, used for
performing trials related to creep. The device belongs to the Strength of
Materials Laboratory within the Faculty of Engineering Hunedoara.
Cuvinte cheie: fluaj, încercare mecanică, temperatură
Keywords: creep, mechanical testing, temperature

97 INSTALAŢIE EXPERIMENTALĂ PENTRU


21-96 EVOLUȚIA TENSIUNILOR REMANENTE Partea a II-a

EVOLUTION OF RESIDUAL STRESSES – PART II
Abstract: In this paper, the authors study the residual stresses that
arise in a stress lattice during casting. The residual stresses are firstly
determined experimentally and secondly simulated using a numerical method
(control volume) for method validation.
Cuvinte cheie: tensiuni remanente, proba rețea de contracție, turnare,
simulare numerică
Keywords: residual stresses, stress lattice, casting, numerical
simulation

96 EVOLUȚIA TENSIUNILOR REMANENTE


21-95 EVOLUȚIA TENSIUNILOR REMANENTE Partea I

EVOLUTION OF RESIDUAL STRESSES
Part I
In this paper, the authors study the residual stresses that arise in a
stress lattice during casting. The residual stresses are firstly determined
experimentally and secondly simulated using a numerical method (control
volume) for method validation.
Cuvinte cheie: tensiuni remanente, proba rețea de contracție, turnare,
simulare numerică
Keywords: residual stresses, stress lattice, casting, numerical
simulation

95 EVOLUȚIA TENSIUNILOR REMANENTE


21-94 TIPURI CONSTRUCTIVE ŞI CARACTERISTICI TEHNICE ALE VAGOANELOR DE MARFĂ FOLOSITE LA CALEA FERATĂ UZINALĂ

TYPES ON CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF WAGONS USED
TO INDUSTRIAL RAILWAY
This paper aims to study of the constructive and technical
characteristics, the mostrepresentative freidht cars used in rail wagons found
this plant on 2 and 4 axles.
Cuvinte cheie: vagoane de marfă descoperite, cale ferată uzinală,
sarcini, tensiuni, deformaţii
Keywords: freight wagons discovered, railway plant, loads, stresses,
deformations

94 TIPURI CONSTRUCTIVE ŞI CARACTERISTICI TEHNICE


21-93 METODE DE PROIECTARE ŞI VERIFICARE A STRUCTURILOR DE REZISTENŢĂ LA VEHICULELE FEROVIARE

METHODS FOR DESIGN AND VERIFICATION OF
STRUCTURES OF RESISTANCE FROM RAILWAY VEHICLES
The girl is to analyse the methods of design and verification of
structures of resistance from railway vehicles used over time in railway
transport.
Cuvinte cheie: metoda elemntelor finite, material rulant, tensiuni,
deformaţii.
Keywords: method elemntelor finished, rolling, tension, strain

93 METODE DE PROIECTARE ŞI VERIFICARE


21-92 ÎNCERCĂRILE TENSOMETRICE – CERINŢĂ OBLIGATORIE PENTRU OMOLOGAREA FINALĂ A VAGOANELOR DE MARFĂ

EXPERIMENTAL STRESS ANALYSIS WITH STRAIN
GAGES – MANDATORY REQUIREMENT FOR THE FINAL
HOMOLOGATION OF THE WAGONS
Experimental stress analysis with strain gages is used all over the world
from many years. In Romania we use as testing method from the steam
locomotive age. During the time, the standards were changed and the
measuring devices are more accurate. It is interested to understand why tests
are still necessary during homologation (certification) process.
Cuvinte cheie: tensometrie, încercări, statice, dinamice, vehicule
feroviare
Keywords: tensometers, testing, static and dynamic rail vehicles

92 ÎNCERCĂRILE TENSOMETRICE – CERINŢĂ


21-91 TRENURILE CU ECARTAMENT VARIABIL O SOLUŢIE DE INTEROPERABILITATE VIABILĂ

VARIABLE GAUGE TRAINS A VIABLE
INTEROPERABILITY SOLUTION
In the last 20 years the Commission has been very active in
restructuring the European rail transport market and strengthening the position
of railways vis-à-vis other transport modes. Commission efforts have
concentrated on three major areas which are all crucial for developing a strong
and competitive rail transport industry: (1) opening of the rail transport market
to competition, (2) improving the interoperability and safety of national networks
and (3) developing rail transport infrastructure 0.
Cuvinte cheie: tren, ecartament, interoperabilitate, schimbător, Talgo
Keywords: train, track, interoperability, changing, Talgo

91 TRENURILE CU ECARTAMENT VARIABIL O SOLUŢIE


21-90 CREŞTEREA SARCINII UTILE A UNUI VAGON CISTERNĂ

TANK WAGON’S LOAD INCREASING
The axle load for railway vehicle in Romania is 20 tones. The trend is to
increase the axle load from 20 to 22.5 tones. Because Romania is one of
European Union’s countries for Romanian’s railway vehicle owners it is
important to have modern vehicle able to run all over the Europe. The are many
countries in Europe where axle load is 22.5 tones (Austria, Germany, France
etc.).
Cuvinte cheie: cisternă, sarcină, modernizare, metoda elementelor
finite
Keywords: tank, load, modernization, finite element

90 CREŞTEREA SARCINII UTILE A UNUI VAGON


21-89 RELEVANŢA PROCESULUI DE ECRUISARE APLICAT ARCURILOR ELICOIDALE CILINDRICE ALE VEHICULELOR FEROVIARE

RELEVANT PROCESS APPLIED HARDENING COIL
SPRINGS CYLINDRICAL RAILWAY VEHICLES
In the performance of helical springs, the surface residual stresses are
introduced: the outside bar tensile stress and compressive stress inside the
bar. They associated with a possible primer for cracks can lead to premature
rupture of the spring in use. To eliminate this drawback springs are subjected to
hardening treatment which is performed, usually with steel shot.
This paper aims highlighting the importance of the hardening process
applied coil springs to increase resistance to fatigue and lifetime.
Cuvinte cheie : ecruisare, arcuri, epruveta ALMEN, bile de otel (alice)
Keywords: hardening, springs, Almen specimen, steel balls (shot)

89 RELEVANŢA PROCESULUI DE ECRUISARE APLICAT


21-88 CONSIDERAȚII ASUPRA VIBRAȚIILOR SUSPENSIILOR VEHICULELOR DE CALE FERATĂ Partea a II-a

REFLECTIONS ON RAILWAY
VIBRATION VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS – II
Making a simple mechanical model railway vehicle must contain
masses suspended bogie and vehicle weight box connected by elastic and
dynamic elements. Thus, the suspension of railway vehicles consists of elastic
elements, connecting elements, and shock. Vibration measurements of elastic
element (or set of elastic elements) of a railway vehicle suspension requires a
stand to simulate operating conditions. This paper presents such a stand which
operates as a vibrator.
Cuvinte cheie: model mecanic, vibrații, suspensiile vehiculelor
feroviare, stand de simulare și măsurare, vibrator
Keywords: mechanical design, vibrations, suspension rail vehicle
simulation and measurement stand, vibrating

88 CONSIDERAȚII ASUPRA VIBRAȚIILOR


21-87 CONSIDERAȚII ASUPRA VIBRAȚIILOR SUSPENSIILOR VEHICULELOR DE CALE FERATĂ Partea I

REFLECTIONS ON RAILWAY
VIBRATION VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS – I
Making a simple mechanical model railway vehicle must contain
masses suspended bogie and vehicle weight box connected by elastic and
dynamic elements. Thus, the suspension of railway vehicles consists of elastic
elements, connecting elements, and shock. Vibration measurements of elastic
element (or set of elastic elements) of a railway vehicle suspension requires a
stand to simulate operating conditions. This paper presents such a stand which
operates as a vibrator.
Cuvinte cheie: model mecanic, vibrații, suspensiile vehiculelor
feroviare, stand de simulare și măsurare, vibrator
Keywords: mechanical design, vibrations, suspension rail vehicle
simulation and measurement stand, vibrating

87 CONSIDERAȚII ASUPRA VIBRAȚIILOR


21-86 UTILIZAREA PROGRAMULUI ALGOR ÎN CALCULUL SOLICITĂRILOR LA ÎNCOVOIERE A BOLŢULUI UNUI MOTOR DIESEL

USING THE ALGOR SOFTWARE FOR DETERMINING THE
WRIST PIN BENDING FOR A DIESEL ENGINE
The paper introduces the steps of determining the wrist pin bending
for a diesel engine, based on the finite element analysis method, using Algor
software.
Cuvinte cheie: bolţ, elemente finite, încovoiere, motor diesel
Keywords: bolt, finite element, bending, Diesel

86 UTILIZAREA PROGRAMULUI ALGOR ÎN CALCULUL