CLEANING THE METALLIC SURFACES FOR IN-SITU TREATMENTS
The paper presents a study on the native oxide film formed on steels surface by air exposure at ambient conditions and its cleaning. As in-situ thermochemical treatments require a clean and active surface, argon ion sputtering process is usually employed to eliminate this superficial oxide layer.
Keywords: atmospheric oxidation, steel, iron oxides, ionic bombardment
ESTIMATE METHODS OF PROCESSING OF SHEETS THROUGH FINE BLANKING – Part II
The paper presents the basic elements for determination of methods of processing of sheets through fine blanking. Represents a synthesis of knowledge relating to the specifics of the process of stamping, fine tuning the physical principles of separation of parts of precision stamping process, mechanism and equipment used.
Keywords: precision stamping
ESTIMATE METHODS OF PROCESSING OF SHEETS THROUGH FINE BLANKING – Part I
The paper presents the basic elements for determination of methods of processing of sheets through fine blanking. Represents a synthesis of knowledge relating to the specifics of the process of stamping, fine tuning the physical principles of separation of parts of precision stamping process, mechanism and equipment used.
Keywords: precision stamping
ATTEMPTS TO FORM ICE PLUG ON DRINKING/POTABLE WATER FLOWING THROUGH HORIZONTAL PIPE SECTION (of 200 mm nominal diameter)
In the hydraulic pipe-line installation, the cutting-off flow technique on a line (horizontal pipe) assumes to form an ice plug under controlled process or two ice plugs, for its isolation. On both cases the ice plug (or both ice plugs) is maintaining until completion of the maintenance / repair works made in circuit without shut-down installation. The paper describes a constructive and functional description of the experimental technological facilities followed by few sequences chosen from two tests carried out for potable water, and finally, the results and conclusions get. The paper is dedicated to specialist working in the research and technological engineering.
Keywords: cutting-off the flow, ice deposit, potable/drinking water, hydraulic resistance
THE EFFECT OF COPPER AND DEFORMATION ON SOME MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF IRON BASED SINTERED MATERIALS
The behaviour of materials to static solicitations and especially to dynamic solicitations is very influenced by the presence of pores in the structure. Their effect on the concentration of stresses is greater the more the pores are situated closer to the surface. It greatly depends on the type of solicitation that material is subjected to. The processing by plastic deformation can have a double effect. On one hand, it can lead to the hardening of the material; on the other hand, it leads to a favourable tension state in rapport with these types of solicitations. Experimental results show that the effect of superficial deformation of sintered materials on the mechanical properties is different according to the type of solicitation and the structure of the material. It has been observed that it has an important positive effect on the hardness, Young modulus and the behaviour to fatigue of sintered materials.
Keywords: plastic deformation, powder metallurgy, material properties
ON THE TECHNOLOGY OF A SINTERED MAGNETIC POLE
It is presented the technology of a sintered magnetic pole and the research needed to attain the necessary magnetic properties. It is started with iron powder, blended with lubricants, pressed in a double action die, sintered, and calibrated.
Keywords: iron powder, pressing, sintering, calibration
DEVELOPMENT OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS OF MULTIAGENT SYSTEMS FOR CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEMS
This paper brings into question one of the major concerns at the global level, to effectively harness the exciting advancements in science and information technology, communication and leadership. The integration of computers into the physical processes involved in the emergence of large, complex systems, interconnected objects that come with processing capabilities and communication and can improve quality of life. These are the cyber physical systems.
Keywords: mecatronic system, intelligence, cyber physical system interaction
CRANKSHAFT REBUILDING FROM DIESEL FRETTING
This paper presents a method ethnological crankshaft repair of diesel locomotives fitted to power between 450 and 1250 HP. Repair of crankshaft technology apply to broken trees. The method applied is achieved by assembling Fretting two shaft ends broken.
Keywords: tree, relieving, sandifer, diesel overhaul
FORGING WITH CONTINUOUS FIBROUS STRUCTURE OF LARGE DIMENSIONS CRANKSHAFTS
This paper establishes that the further processing of continuous fibrous structure may cause a progressive break of large crankshafts.
Keywords: crankshafts, continuous fibre, macrostructure, micro chipped, microstructure, purity
INFLUENCE OF STRUCTURE ON THE QUALITY AND FATIGUE STRENGTH OF THE CRANKSHAFT IN SERVICE
This paper is based on experimental researches regarding the influence of structure on the quality and fatigue resistance in exploitation of crankshaft of large dimensions.
Keywords: fatigue, progressive braking, forging lines, fibber, metallographic structure, micrograph
MODIFICATION OF HIGH-ALLOYED STEEL GRADES BY APPLYING A HEAT TREATMENT AND CRYOGENIC (II)
Cryogenic treatment completes the classic heat treatment of steels with higher carbon content of 0.6 %, bringing substantially improving on properties, being very simple. Application of cryogenic treatment immediately after hardening has led to the increase in the percentage hardness of high-alloyed steels HS 18-1-1, RUL1 and X200Cr12 with 26.56 %, 34.5 % and 9.7 %. At the same time, Hardness Vickers values were increased with 41, 49 and 61 units, representing a 4.8 %, 6.3 % and 6.7 %, increase, as a result of martensitic transformation.
Keywords: martensitic transformation, low temperature, optical microscopy, Vickers hardness Cuvinte cheie: transformare martensitică, temperatură scăzută microscopie optică, duritate Vickers
STRUCTURE MODIFICATION OF HIGH-ALLOYED STEEL BY APPLYING A HEAT AND CRYOGENIC TREATMENT (I)
Cryogenic treatment completes the classic heat treatment of steels with higher carbon content of 0.6 %, bringing substantially improving on properties, being very simple. Application of cryogenic treatment immediately after hardening has led to the increase in the percentage hardness of highalloyed steels HS 18-1-1, RUL1 and X200Cr12 with 26.56 %, 34.5 % and 9.7 %. At the same time, Hardness Vickers values were increased with 41, 49 and 61 units, representing a 4.8 %, 6.3 % and 6.7 %, increase, as a result of martensitic transformation.
Keywords: martensitic transformation, low temperature, optical microscopy, Vickers hardness
THE RESEARCH OF EROSION CAVITATION ON STAINLESS STEEL X2CRNIMON22+5+3 HEAT- TREATED
In this paper is presented a comparative analysis between cavitation resistance of stainless steel austenito-feritic and OH12NDL stainless steel (traditional steel). To assess the damage produced by Cecil cavitaţionale implosion over stainless steel duplex X2CrNiMn22 + 5 + 3 tests have been carried out in the laboratory of Cavitation at the University Politehnica Timisoara. The assessment of the data and the interpretation of the characteristic curves of cavitation (loss of mass and speed of erosion) could find that stainless steel X2CrNiMn22 + 5 + 3 heat-treated by quenching followed by tempering the high cavitation resistance exhibited a higher compared with traditional steel OH12NDL.
Keywords: stainless steel, cavitationala erosion, characteristic curves, mass loss, resistance to cavitation
CHANGE THE BRONZE AMPCO 45 RESISTANCE TO CAVITATION BY VARIOUS HARDENING TREATMENTS
This paper presents of the micro hardness effect of the Bronze AMPCO 45 upon resistance to cavitation of erosion, generated to T2 device vibrating piezoelectric crystal, by the Cavitation Laboratory of the Polytechnic University of Timisoara. The micro hardness changing of the exposed surface to the cavitation, by volume heat treatment, laser reminting with three powers in pulse, and by thermal spray, followed by laser reminting, with two powers different in impulse. Research shows that resistance to cavitation erosion tends to grow exponentially with hardness. The greatest strength, namely the average penetration depth of erosion is recorded for the area covered with ceramic powders remitted with laser
Keywords: erosion by the cavitation, the cavitation, the average penetration depth of erosion, the hardness
STOCHASTIC PETRI NETS APPLIED IN THE DISCRETE EVENT
The starting point in developing this work was to choose a Markovian model developed based on stochastic transitions in different locations of the system. This paper is intended as an analysis of a stochastic transport system within a manufacturing system. The system is impracticable to design and analyse research prototype system, manifested in a case study. I chose to represent stochastic Petri nets.
Keywords: stochastic Petri networks, transport system
INTELLIGENT FUNCTIONS OF CNC MACHINE TOOLS
In this paper we try to highlight the advantages of the latest types of CNC machine tools (MUCN – in Romanian language), equipped with smart features on ensuring their maintenance. This becomes evident and is especially beneficial in Romania, where the production of machine tools is quasi nonexistent.
Keywords: System „MULTI-TASKING”, „DONE IN ONE” smart features, 3D, synchronized intelligent maintenance
APPLYING THE SIX SIGMA METHODOLOGY TO DECREASE THE NUMBER OF SCRAPPED PARTS ON A MANUFACTURING LINE
The current paper describes the application of the Six Sigma methodology for reducing the number of scrapped parts on the manufacturing line at Start Transmission. Herein it is shown how the four steps of the method, namely Definition, Measurement and Analysis, Improvement and Control, are applied, as well as the methods and quality tools used.
Keywords: six sigma, Pareto diagram, workflow diagram, control flow diagram
APPRECIATIONS ABOUT THE GOVERNMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE MANAGEMENT
Government Quality Assurance through the competent national authorities shall provide the confidence that the contractual requirements concerning quality are met. The work presents the mutual acceptance of government quality assurance management and usage of the allied quality assurance publications.
Keywords: Government, quality assurance, STANAG 4107
CONTRIBUTIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE SOUND-ABSORBING COEFICIENT
This paper aims to describe fiction and the components of a device for the determination of sound-absorbing coefficient published [1] în the previous edition and essential elements în implementing the architecture processed and acoustic signals analysis undertaken
Keywords: impedance tube, phono-absorbing coefficient, signal analizer
EVALUATION OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS OF LUBRICANTS AND LUBRICATING PROCESSES IN COMPRESSION IGNITED ENGINES’ MECHANISMS DEPENDING ON BIODIESEL CONTENT IN FUEL
Biodiesel use as fuel is a reality today. It is used in compression ignited engines throughout the entire planet. It may come alone or in mixtures with other fuels, either conventional ones or alternative solutions. Biodiesel itself is a bio-alternative solution for fossil fuels. In the present days the content of biodiesel in commercial fuels throughout the country does not exceed 10 %, but in the coming years it will increase toward 20 % and more. There have to be an extensive knowledge and scientific approach related to the effects that biodiesel has upon engine’s lubricants and lubrication processes. In this paper are presented some studies that were developed toward this specific objective and the significant conclusions which were made possible after the research. There are important influences of the biodiesel use as fuel even in the quality of engine lubrication process.
Keywords: biodiesel, lubrication, compression-ignition engines, engine lubricant, physic-chemical characteristics
STUDIES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF BIOFUELS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CATALYTIC CONVERTERS MOUNTED ON SPARK IGNITED ENGINES In this paper, the problem of study is designed maintenance or performance degradation of catalysts used in catalytic exhaust systems, which equips vehicles powered by an internal combustion engine with spark-ignition, in terms of using a fuel that comprises bioethanol.
Keywords: biofuel, bioethanol, catalytic converter, exhaust system, spark-ignited engines
PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMICITY ANALYSIS OF A DIESEL ENGINE THAT RUNS ON BIODIESEL
The paper aims to analyse through simulation of performance indicators (actual Power and Time effective) and economic indices (actual fuel specific consumption) of an engine operating on biofuels. The simulation program is Lotus Engine Simulation, free software for monocilindrice engines. There have been a series of simulations to highlight the differences between a pure Diesel fuel and B100 (100 % Biodiesel).
Keywords: Biodiesel, Diesel, simulation, Lotus Engine Simulation
THE ANALIZE OF SPECIFIC PARAMETERS FOR SPARK IGNITED ENGINE OPERATIONAL CYCLE DEPENDING ON ALTITUDE
The spark ignited engine is yet one of the most popular thermo-chemical energy converter worldwide used for propelling over 500 million cars today. Some of these vehicles are used in different geographic conditions that alter the engine operating regime usually by increasing fuel consumption and consequently the air pollution in order to maintain the torque and power output performances requested through the driver pedal. Because atmospheric pressure at high altitudes is lower in comparison with the see level, spark ignited engine’s operating conditions are tremendously changed in a 2000 meters of altitude range. The present paper unveils some of the particular engine operating conditions at different altitudes of the road and proposes some solutions and developing perspectives concerning the limitations and problems that occur during field operation. In order to obtain the same power and torque performances at any altitude level the engine operating parameters have to be the same at all times and at all altitudes. By field experimentation the research shows where the problems are; on the other hand, by analyze and interpretation it brings up the proper solutions to the inconveniences.
Keywords: intake, fuel injection, spark-ignited engine, engine performance
ANALYZING THE POSSIBILITIES OF PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF A CHARGED SI ENGINE BY MODIFYING IT’S DISTRIBUTION PHASES
This paper aims to analyze the possibilities through simulation of performance parameters improvement (mean effective pressure, boost pressure, exhaust flow and engine speed increase to sudden load change) of an engine to its basic version. As simulation software, AVL BOOST was elected, which gives the required accuracy for transient simulations. Simulations compared the engine performance of the various possibilities of amending phase distribution compared to the basic version of the analysed engine. Keywords: performance, distribution phases, simulation, charged
RESEARCES CONCERNING TE USE OF ATERNATIE FUES IN TRANSPORTATION
The present paper analse the actual trends and perspectives on the alternative fuels such are fossil fuels but also biofuels. The greenhouse gases emissions are analsed and compared beteen the most important alternative fuels.
keywords: alternative fuels, biofuels, transportation
EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF CONFORMITY OF URBAN TRANSPORT VEHICLES BODYWORKS
It can be affirmed that the movement has emerged with the advent of motor transport. If the early use of these means of transport, traffic accidents is produced with low frequency, at the present time, due to the unprecedented increase in traffic, traffic accident has become an acute social problem. As a result, over time, it has acted in the following three major directions: the traffic. Regulation by a legal system, increase the level of performance of active safety provided by the motor vehicle, increasing the level of passive safety performance ensured by the motor vehicle.
Keywords: vehicle, bodywork, experimental testing
COMPUTATIONAL FIRE SIMULATION TO A CAR IN A SEMICLOSED SPACE
The article presents the work of the authors concerning the 3D fire simulation at a semi closed space involving one stationary car. A simulation using Pyrosim software is based on the physical model in which one electrical fault accident involving a car appear. The accident, consisting in a fire event at one stationary car, is modelled at 1.5 m from height. Considering an electrical fault followed by a fire, we obtained temperature fields and smoke spread depending on time in this tunnel. These information allow us to realize an appropriate impact on the event in aim of minimizing the time for a promptly intervention.
Keywords: road tunnel fire, heat release rate, Pyrosim software
ELECTRIC VEHICLES
This article presents the advantages and disadvantages propulsive vehicle with an electric motor. This type of propellant can replace thermal engines with high efficiency.
Keywords: electric motor, the hybrid vehicle, Lithium-Ion battery
CONTRIBUTIONS BY VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS TO STUDY SUBMITTED HUMAN BODY
This paper contains a study on the effects of vibration and permissible limits human. Complexity factors acting on the body and need precise measurements of vibrations imply reliability and precision. By using devices SVAN 958 and IHVM 100 is successfully creating precision measurements and also being portable allowing easy movement to any area for fast setup.
Keywords: vibration, effects, extent, medium
PROJECTIL PROPULSION BY ELECTROMAGNETIC FORCE
The paper presents experiments using a laboratory model at small scale for a “coil gun” type projectile launcher. Electromagnetic acceleration of a mobile fitting by a coil (stator) travelled by an electric current is a phenomenon known in the 18th century and knows many applications of this phenomenon. Explanation refers to what passes through the stator currents and armour as well as mutual inductance variation of these. Inductance mutual values are found by means of approximation.
Keywords: electromagnetic force, projectile, ballistics parameters
TEMPERATURE EFFECT UPON THE NATURAL FREQUENCIES OF THRUSS ELEMENTS
In this paper we analyze the effect of temperature upon the natural frequencies of truss elements. Temperature changes influence the Young’s modulus in the sense that it decreases with increasing temperature, consequently structural elements frequencies decrease. However, we demonstrate in this paper that the frequency changes due to temperature in natural environment are very small and do not dramatically influence the structures dynamic behavior.
Keywords: temperature, Young modulus, frequency, truss structures
CONSIDERATION REGARDING THE NON INVASIVE EFFECTS OF NOISE ON THE CIVILE CONSTRUCTIONS WORKERS
This paper contains considerations about the noise effects on the health of workers. There are definition of the noise and the causes of the noise pollution în our modern society and describe the negatives effects of the higher noise level that the workers has to deal with în the construction sites.
Keywords: noise, non invasive effects of noise level limits
NON-INVASIVE INVESTIGATION OF PROFESSIONAL
NOISE OVER THE WORKERS
Ther paper introduces a new investigation method for the noise action
over the worker in the industrial field. This method consists in the ECG
evaluation of the workers that are inside the industrial space during the
professional activity. The paper presents an experimental study of the noise
action on a sample of workers of different ages. They work in an industrial
workers space with 8 different machine tools, 8 hours per day, 5 days per
week. The paper looks to establish the impairment of workers’ occupational
noise. All of them were made in the morning, and at the end of the work each
day. Comparing the results of ECG measurements, pre and post exposure to
sound level above 80 dB, may establish the risk of cardiac disease in different
form of it.
Keywords: pollution, noise, sound pollution, method noninvasive
Cuvinte cheie: poluare sonorǎ, zgomotul profesional, metoda
neinvazivǎ
Descarcare text
VIBRATION TRANSMISSIBILITY CAUSED BY DRIVE
SYSTEMS AND THEIR ISOLATION
The paper present capability of different materials to diminish the
transmissibility of vibrations caused by diverse machineries, in order to
increases the operational safety, protect the operators against dangerous
vibration effects and improve the equipment’s performances.
Keywords: transmissibility, sponge, polystyrene, rubber
Cuvinte cheie: transmisibilitate, burete, polistiren, cauciuc
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THEORETICAL STUDY ON THE APPLICABILITY OF
MECHANICAL IMPEDANCE
The present paper will be a presentation of the informations from
specialized literature and international standards about the importance of
mechanical impedance study for all structures including human body.
Exposure to harmful vibrations can lead to damages of the structures
and health problems or disorders that can appear at the human body.
The knowledge of the structures and human body mechanical
impedance is essential for realizing appropriate administrative, technical and
medical prevention measures.
Keywords: mechanical impedaţă mechanical vibrations, the human
hand-arm system
Cuvinte cheie: impedaţă mecanică, vibraţii mecanice, sistem uman
mână-braţ
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CALCULATION ALGORITHM FOR MASS FLOW
DISTRIBUTION THROUGH A NETWORK OF SIDE HOLES
GAZODINAMICE DEVICES
The work shall be presents a mathematical model for the purpose of
calculating mass flow distribution through a network of side holes in the case of
movements martina tran movement gas jets through the devices. The model
shall take into account the effect of contraction of splashing when they pass
through the network of holes.
Keywords: device gas dynamic, mass flow device, martina tran
movement, gas jets, shock wave, the wave front, adiabatic exponent, viscosity,
potential motion
Cuvinte cheie: dispozitiv gazodinamic, debit masic, mișcare
transonică, jet de gaze, undă de șoc, front de undă, exponent adiabatic,
vâscozitate, mișcare potențială
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GAZODINAMICS PHENOMENA ACCOMPANYING
BURSTS INTO LIQUID MEDIUM
This work makes a major contribution to the interpretation of
phenomena due dynamic phenomena in gases explosions which take place in
gaseous environment. Theoretical and practical considerations provide a path
to be followed for designers and constructor’s explosive systems intended for
the aquatic environment.
Keywords: explosion, the shock wave, the wave front, adiabatic
exponent, viscosity, potential motion
Cuvinte cheie: explozie, undă de șoc, front de undă, exponent
adiabatic, vâscozitate, mișcare potențială
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CONSIDERATIONS ON THE STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF
ATMOSPHERIC DISTURBANCE IN THE CALCULATION OF
THE PARAMETERS OF THE FLIGHT OF BODIES OF
REVOLUTION
This paper presents some aspects of the study of the motions of
bodies of revolution on the flight trajectories in the atmosphere, in supersonic
mode. Results of the study allow a calculation of just as many couples and
aerodynamic forces acting on bodies of revolution during flights in the
atmosphere.
Keywords: flight trajectory, projectile, aerodynamic force,
aerodynamics, couple of supersonic motion, fluid compressible, turbulent
motion, shock wave, his Mach number
Cuvinte cheie: proiectil, traiectorie de zbor, forță aerodinamică, cuplu
aerodinamic, mișcare supersonică, fluid compresibil, mișcare turbulentă, undă
de șoc, numărul lui Mach
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LOGISTIC APPROACH OF THE NONLINEAR
DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS
This paper deals with the analyse of the nonlinear dynamic systems
treated under logistic map formalism. Also, a new method of chaos behaviour
investigation is treated, through the dynamic logistic map theory. Some results
of Matlab simulation analysis has been presented.
Keywords: nonlinear system, logistic map, chaos, parameter, attractor
Cuvinte cheie: sistem neliniar, hartă logistică, haos, parametru,
atractor
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EFFECT OF Gd3+: Ag CODOPING ON
THE GLASSES AND VITROCERAMICS OF THE
(1-x-y)[Bi2O3∙PbO]∙xAg2O∙yGd2O3 SYSTEM
Bismuth lead glasses coped with Gd3+: Ag were prepared by the
conventional melt – quenching method. The structure of these materials was
studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR spectroscopy. FTIR spectroscopy
data show that BiO3, BiO6, PbO3 and PbO4 are the most important structural
units in the studied system. These data also made it possible to obtain essential
information concerning the arrangement of the structural units in the studied
glasses and glass ceramics. XRD diffraction shows the presence of δ Bi2O3 and
PbO1.44 crystalline phases.
Keywords: bottles, vitro-ceramic, MAINLY REALISED FTIR
spectroscopy
Cuvinte cheie: sticle, vitro-ceramice, XRD, spectroscopie FTIR
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IMOBILIZATION OF THE RADIOACTIVE WASTES
IN VITREOUS SYSTEMS ON THE BASED OF LEAD
Immobilization of radioactive wastes by the vitrification method is a
well-established process that was selected because glass is highly stable, very
durable and has the ability to incorporate a wide variety of chemical
contaminants. In this work, we propose a study of the structural and behaviour
properties of lead glasses with xGd2O3∙(100-x)[4PbO2∙Pb] composition where
x=0-50%mol Gd2O3 in view of the possible applications as alternative of
immobilization of the radioactive wastes.
One of the most important requirements for the technology used in the
immobilization of nuclear wastes is to include as much as possible waste per
unit mass of the host vitreous matrix. We were synthesized the gadolinium-lead
glasses up to 50% mole Gd2O3. EPR data suggest that the gadolinium ions at
high contents have a behaviour of network former and not network modifier.
Keywords: bottles, Gadolinium-based lead, IR spectroscopy and RES,
waste
Cuvinte cheie: sticle pe bază de gadoliniu-plumb, spectroscopie IR şi
RES, deşeuri
Descarcare text
NEW TYPES OF GLASS AS POTENTIAL SENSORS TO
DETERMINE THE NITRATES ANIONS
FROM WATER
In this paper is presented a new type of glass that can be used as
potential electrochemical sensor for nitrate anions from aqueous solutions. The
glass sample obtained was analysed by FT-IR and UV-VIS spectroscopy and
cyclic voltammetry (VC). The cyclic voltammetry shows that the current
increase with the increasing of concentration of sodium nitrate from aqueous
solutions. The FT-IR spectrum after VC shows a decreasing of [PbO6] structural
units from the glass, probably increasing in this way the number of free lead
ions (Pb+2) and improving the electrochemical properties of the glass sample.
The decrease in the intensity of the UV-VIS absorption bands after VC shows
that a part of Fe+3 ions convert to Fe+2 ions and pass into solution.
Keywords: glass, sensors, IR spectroscopy, cyclic Anodic, UV-VIS
spectroscopy, nitrates in water
Cuvinte cheie: sticlă, senzori, voltametrie ciclică, spectroscopie IR,
spectroscopie UV-VIS, nitraţi din ape
Descarcare text
THE RECICLYNG OF THE WASTES PROVIDED
OF AUTO BATTERIES IN LEAD GLASSES
The purpose of this paper was i) to obtained the lead glasses with the
xPb∙(100-x)PbO2 composition where x = 0-15mol % Pb by melt quenching
method and ii) to characterized of the structural and optical properties of the
obtained glasses by investigations of FTIR and UV-VIS spectroscopy in order
to possible applications in the auto battery recycling.
FTIR data show that the accommodation of the host glass with excess
of metallic lead was possible by the conversion of some [PbO6] octahedral
structural units into [PbOn] structural units where n=3 and 4. Then, the increase
of the metallic lead high content in the matrix network will produce to the
deficiency of non-bridging oxygen’s and the formation of UV-VIS bands in
region centred at about 300nm which can be attributed to the electronic
transitions of the lead ions.
Keywords: lead-based bottles, car batteries, spectroscopy UV-VIS and
IR, recycling
Cuvinte cheie: sticle pe bază de plumb, baterii auto, spectroscopie IR
şi UV-VIS, reciclare
Descarcare text
STUDIES AND RESEARCH ON NOISE POLLUTION
IN INDUSTRIAL HALLS
This paper contains studies about the noise pollution, especially, în
industrial halls and the effects on the human body. Also, it Is giving us some
methods of reducing the noise pollution.
Keywords: sound pollution, intensity, pollution effects
Cuvinte cheie: poluare sonorǎ, intensitate, efecte
Descarcare text
HIGHWAYS NOISE BARRIERS
This article presents the advantages of the noise barriers on the
highways and the importance of it în the human healthy. Realization of noise
barriers is beneficial for both the inhabitants and the houses in the surroundings
of highways as well as vegetation and fauna. They have a special role and
need a very big important.
Definition. The main attribute of noise barriers is to protect
communities from pollution resulting from the soundtrack continues to climb.
Keywords: noise barrier, the threshold of audibility, design
Cuvinte cheie: barieră fonică, prag de audibilitate, design
Descarcare text
VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND LANDSCAPE
WIND FARMS
There are two points of view about wind farms, one is refer to produce
energy from renewable sources, and other to reduce the impact of this
development. The visual impact of the wind farm is one of the important factors
that affects public acceptance. This paper presents a few methods of
evaluating the impact. Wind farms have a better acceptance if the number of
turbines in an area is limited, or if the turbines are kept away from observation
points.
Keywords: the Visual impact of wind parks, impact assessment
Cuvinte cheie: impactul vizual al parcurilor eoliene, evaluare impact
Descarcare text
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION CAUSED BY THE
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
Development of industry and the growth of consumption of primary
energy, causes pollution of the environment (air, water, underground blades
etc.), so this activity causes negative effects on people’s health level and on
global climate change. Of course, without electricity cannot conceive of modern
life on Earth, but humanity must realise that the use of electricity has negative
effects on the environment in the biological environment, as well as complex
built environment. It is necessary to intensify studies and researches aimed, on
the one hand, optimizing \/lowering electricity consumption, and on the other
hand, lessening the impact of electromagnetic pollution of the environment in
the bioelectro-chemical processes of nature and the corrosion reactions in
complex environments.
Keywords: electricity, electrical installations, environmental pollution,
electromagnetic pollution, psychic pollution
Cuvinte cheie: energie electrică, instalaţii electrice, poluarea mediului,
poluare electromagnetică, poluare psihică
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RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENTS ON NOISE
POLLUATION IN INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENTS
The document shows the importance of studying and researches the
phenomenon of noise pollution which is a current issue both internationally and
nationally, because it affects people and causes so-called occupational
diseases. But we have to consider that the main source of noise pollution is
industrial environment.
Keywords: pollution, noise, impact sound, industrial environment
Cuvinte cheie: poluare sonorǎ, impactul zgomotului, mediul industrial
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COLLECTIVE DWELLING – BETWEEN REGENERATION
AND RETROFITTING
Energy efficiency has become a really important aspect of building
management. Older residential buildings cannot sustain high energy efficiency
due to lack of automatisation and depassed plumbing. This work presents an
alternative to existing energy management system for existing dwellings.
Keywords: Sustainability, Renewable energy, Housing, Rehabilitation
Cuvinte cheie: sustenabilitate, energie regenerabilă, locativ, reabilitare
Descarcare text
ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS
Under the conditions of present society in which providing an
optimum interior comfort in buildings is confronted with the necessity of the
energy consumption reduction, solving this problem depends on the factors
which contribute to the achievements of this comfort.
Modern buildings – including teaching unit – must be equipped with
installations which have low energy consumption, respective a heating,
cooling and ventilation integrated systems with heat pumps which can
assure all the required comfort requirements.
Keywords: EPBD reviewed, sustainability, climate change, interior,
comfort, low power consumption, heat pump, integrated system of heating,
cooling and ventilation
Cuvinte cheie: EPBD revizuită, durabilitate, schimbare climatică,
confort interior, clădire, consum redus de energie, pompă de căldură, sistem
integrate de încălzire, răcire şi ventilare
Descarcare text