2011


19-102 ASUPRA UNUI SISTEM MECANIC DE TIP FILIPPOV

ABOUT A MECHANICAL SYSTEM FROM FILIPPOV TYPE
This paper presents the convergence property for a class of nonsmooth
dynamical system, address primarily to Filippov system, namely
monotone measure diferential inclusions. The theory of Filippov offer a
generalized definition of the solution of diferential equation which includes
system with a discontinuous right – hand side.
Keywords: nonsmooth mechanical system, the theory of Filippov, dry friction
Cuvinte cheie: sistem mecanic neneted, teoria Filippov, frecare uscată

102 ASUPRA UNUI SISTEM MECANIC DE TIP FILIPPOV


9-103 ECUAŢIA PANTOGRAFULUI ŞI GENERALIZĂRI

THE PANTOGRAPH EQUATION AND ITS GENERALIZATIONS
In the paper we present some results about the pantograph equation
and its generalizations. By using Picard operators technique we give existence,
uniqueness and data dependence results for the solution of a Cauchy problem.
Keywords: differential equations, the pantograph equation, Operator Theory
Cuvinte cheie: ecuaţii diferenţiale, ecuaţia pantografului, teoria operatorilor

103 ECUAŢIA PANTOGRAFULUI ŞI GENERALIZĂRI


19-104 CERCETĂRI PRIVIND STUDIUL VIBRAŢIILOR MECANICE CU SISTEME DE ACHIZIŢII DE DATE

RESEARCH ON STUDY MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS
WITH DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS
The paper presents a new study method of mechanic vibrations with
the help of the data acquisition systems. The study of vibrations with the help of
data acquisition systems allows the solving of some engineering problems
connected to the measurement of some parameters which are difficult to
measure having in view the improvement of the technical performances of the
industrial equipment or devices.
Keywords: mechanical vibration, data acquisition, block diagram
Cuvinte cheie: vibraţii mecanice, achiziţii de date, diagrama bloc

104 CERCETĂRI PRIVIND STUDIUL VIBRAŢIILOR


19-106 ANALIZA COMPORTĂRII FIZIOLOGICE ŞI FUNCŢIONALE SUB ACŢIUNEA VIBRAŢIILOR

STUDY ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL
CHANGES UNDER THE VIBRATIONS
This paper is designe to provide a better knowledge and increase
awareness about the action of vibrations on the human body, the possible
action in the human functions and them refind in the short time. These
vibrations can produce some changes in the body and ultimately affect health.
Keywords: environment, health, disruptive agent, disability, vibration
Cuvinte cheie: mediu, sănătate, agent perturbator, handicap, vibraţii

106 ANALIZA COMPORTĂRII FIZIOLOGICE ŞI


19-107 AFECŢIUNI ALE SISTEMULUI UMAN MÂNĂ-BRAŢ DATORATE VIBRAŢIILOR MAŞINILOR-UNELTE PORTABILE

DISORDERS OF THE HUMAN HAND-ARM SYSTEM
VIBRATION DUE PORTABLE MACHINE-TOOLS
This paper is designed to be an information to the public about the
importance of portable machine-tool vibration action on the human body and
particularly on the hand-arm system.
The primary objective of the present paper is to show the effect of
whole-body vibration and identify those moderating variables that influence the
degree to which human performance is affected, and also to highlight a certain
amount of diseases caused by prolonged exposure to vibrations of portable
machine tools.
Keywords: mechanical vibration, portable machine tools, hand-arm
Cuvinte cheie: vibraţii mecanice, maşini-unelte portabile, mână-braţ

107 AFECŢIUNI ALE SISTEMULUI UMAN MÂNĂ-BRAŢ


19-108 EFECTELE PSIHOACUSTICE ALE ZGOMOTULUI EMIS DE MAŞINILE-UNELTE

PSYCHOACOUSTIC EFFECTS OF STRUCTURAL
NOISE ISSUED FOR MACHINE-TOOLS
This paper presents a summary of literature information regarding the
risk for employees exposed to structural noise at work environment with
increasing neuropsychological and psyhosenzorial stress and at work
environment strating by psyhoacustics effects.
Keywords: mechanical vibration, Structural noise, psychoacoustic
effects
Cuvinte cheie: vibraţii mecanice, zgomot structural, efecte
psihoacustice

108 EFECTELE PSIHOACUSTICE ALE ZGOMOTULUI


19-109 STUDIUL DINAMIC AL ROBOTULUI SERIAL MODULAR SUSPENDAT TTRT

THE DYNAMIC STUDY OF THE SUSPENDED TTRT SERIAL
MODULAR ROBOT
From the dynamic studies performed on a family of robots proposed to
serve the radiators flow process, made at SC RAAL SA Bistriţa, the authors
present in this paper the dynamic study of serial modular robot suspended
TTRT. Using the Lagrange’s equations of second kind, the robot’s dynamic
equations were derived.
The algorithm which leads to the dynamic equations includes: the
kinetic energy of the robot, after, in advance, the kinetic energies of the
component modules were determined and the generalized driving forces were
established.
The dynamic study of the robot allows the calculation of the actuators
and determining the optimal variant of arrangement of the modules in the robot
structure, so that the energy consumption will be minimal.
Keywords: Lagrange equations, radiator, kinetic energy, motors
generalized forces, actuator, dynamic equations
Cuvinte cheie: ecuaţiile lui Lagrange, radiator, energie cinetică, forţe
generalizate motoare, motor de acţionare, ecuaţii dinamice

109 STUDIUL DINAMIC AL ROBOTULUI SERIAL MODULAR


19-110 MODELAREA DINAMICĂ A MANIPULATORULUI TT ÎNTR-O LINIE AUTOMATĂ DE MONTAJ

DYNAMICS MODELLING OF A TT MANIPULATOR
FOR AN ASSAMBLAGE LINE OF AUTOMATION
This paper has a destination to express the dynamics ecuations of a
manipulator used into an line built for an assemblage line of automation. This
line is a part of experimental stand made for the images data in a mechanical
structure.
Keywords: structural mechanics, dynamic equations, automatic
assembly line
Cuvinte cheie: structură mecanică, ecuaţii dinamice, linie automată de
montaj

110 MODELAREA DINAMICĂ A MANIPULATORULUI TT


19-111 METODĂ DE DIMENSIONARE A ELEMENTELOR ACTIVE DIN ALIAJE CU MEMORIA FORMEI AFLATE ÎN COMPONENŢA UNUI ACTUATOR PENTRU UN MODUL ROBOTIC DE PREHENSIUNE

DIMENSIONING METHOD OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS
ACTIVE ELEMENTS OF AN ACTUATOR FOR A ROBOTIC
PREHENSION MODULE
Even it has been recognized that Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) have a
significant potential for deployment actuators, the number of applications of
SMA-based actuators to the present day is still quite small, due to the need of
deep understanding of the thermo-mechanical behaviour of SMA. Thus, the
paper presents a dimensioning method for the electrically heated active
elements of a robotic prehension system in order to obtain maximal stroke and
displacement.
Keywords: actuator, grip strength, shape memory alloy, sizing
Cuvinte cheie: actuator, prehensiune, aliaj cu memoria formei,
dimensionare

111 METODĂ DE DIMENSIONARE A ELEMENTELOR


19-112 ANALIZĂ COMPARATIVĂ PRIVIND ALEGEREA MOTOARELOR DE ACŢIONARE A ROBOŢILOR DESTINAŢI FLUXĂRII RADIATOARELOR

THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CHOOSING
ACTUATORS OF THE PROPOSED ROBOTS
AT THE RADIATORS PRESERVATION
În this paper is presented a comparative analysis of the designed
robots in terms of energies consumptions. Having the dynamic analysis, the
choosen types engine and their characteristics, the comparative analysis can
be done. Following the analysis, it is recommended to build the robots: RT,
RTT, suspended TRT and TTRT.
Keywords: benchmarking, Preservation, radiator, engine actuators, immersion
Cuvinte cheie: analiză comparativă, pastare, radiator, motor de
acţionare, imersare

112 ANALIZĂ COMPARATIVĂ PRIVIND ALEGEREA


19-113 ASPECTE ALE CONSTRUCŢIEI ŞI IMPLEMENTĂRII FAMILIEI DE ROBOŢI PROPUŞI A FI UTILIZAŢI LA FLUXAREA RADIATOARELOR

ASPECTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION
OF FAMILY ROBOTS PROPOSED TO BE USED AT THE
RADIATORS PRESERVATION
The authors have concepted, calculated and designed a family of
industrial robots, possessing two, three, four degrees of freedom, made at SC
RAAL SA Bistriţa for the radiators preservation. Taking into account the
dynamics of each robot and the mechanical structure of the modules from the
robots construction, the calculations of choosing the engines, were determined.
In the paper are presented the TR, RT, TRT, TTRT robots
implemented in the preservation of the radiators. În the second part of the
paper was presented a comparative analysis of the designed robots in terms of
energies consumptions. Following the analysis, it is recommended to build the
robots: RT, RTT, suspended TRT and TTRT.
Keywords: energy consumption, Preservation, radiator, robot dynamics
Cuvinte cheie: consum energetic, pastare, radiator, dinamica robotului

113 ASPECTE ALE CONSTRUCŢIEI ŞI IMPLEMENTĂRII


19-114 CALCULUL MOTOARELOR DE ACŢIONARE PENTRU ROBOTUL INDUSTRIAL SUSPENDAT TTRT

THE CALCULATION OF THE ACTUATORS FOR THE
SUSPENDED TTRT INDUSTRIAL ROBOT
In this paper are calculated the actuators, considering the whole robot
dynamics and the mechanical structure of each module. This calculation
involves the following steps: the identification from the established system of
differential equations, the differential equation for each module; depending on
the construction of each module, the relation between the driving force from the
output mode and the actuators power is established; the introduction of the
driving force expression in the motion differential equation; using the imposed
or calculated numerical data the report from this equation is determined;
the determination of the actuator’s moment M and the choosing from a
actuator’s catalogue the actuator that has the moment value higher than
calculated.
n
Keywords: robot, actuator, mechanical structure, power engines,
differential equation
Cuvinte cheie: robot, motor de acţionare, structură mecanică, forţă
motoare, ecuaţie diferenţială

114 CALCULUL MOTOARELOR DE ACŢIONARE PENTRU


19-115 CONCEPŢIA ŞI PROIECTAREA ROBOŢILOR MODULARI SERIALI TTTR ŞI TTRT SUSPENDAŢI

THE CONCEPT AND DESIGN OF THE SUSPENDED TTTR
AND TTRT SERIAL MODULAR ROBOTS
This paper presents the concept and design of the suspended TTRT
and TTTR serial robots, prepared for the radiators flow operation, made at SC
RAAL SA Bistriţa. The modular construction of the robots was opted. Thus, the
supporting structure of the robots, the longitudinal translation modules and the
horizontal transverse, the drive mechanisms, the translation sled, the
translation sleepers, the vertical translation and rotation modules were
designed. All of these subassemblies were included in the assemble of TTRT
and TTTR robots. In the final part of the paper the authors make reference to
the comand and control operating system of the robots.
Keywords: Longitudinal translational mode, the translation cross, drive
mechanism, translational sled, drive system
Cuvinte cheie: modul de translaţie longitudinală, traversă de translaţie,
mecanism de antrenare, sania de translaţie, sistem de acţionare

115 CONCEPŢIA ŞI PROIECTAREA ROBOŢILOR


20-1 MODELISATION DU COMPORTEMENT D’UN MULTICOUCHE DISSYMETRIQUE

MODELAREA COMPORTAMENTULUI UNUI
MULTISTRAT ASIMETRIC
Structurile multistrat compozit au din ce în ce mai multe şi mai
frecvente utilizări pentru proiectarea structurilor mecanice. Depinzând de o
luminozitate mare, ele sunt, în general, structuri rezistente, pentru a sprijini
sarcini importante. În această lucrare se propune un nou model de structuri
multistrat pentru a răspunde diverselor funcţionalităţi: tratarea structurilor nonsimetrice
multistrat, verificarea exactă a condiţiilor de frontieră, verificarea
continuităţii pentru deplasări şi tensiuni transversale de forfecare la interfeţele
structurilor multistrat, pentru a îmbunătăţi rafinarea din punct de vedere al
membranei şi al forfecării transversale.
Cuvinte cheie: compozite asimetrice, elemente finite, modele rafinate,
interfeţe, forfecare transversală, membrană
MODELING THE BEHAVIOR OF DISSYMMETRICAL
MULTI-LAYERS
The multi-layer composite structures are more and more frequently
used for the design of mechanical structures. Dependent on a great lightness,
they are in general structures resistant, likely to support important loadings. In
this work we propose the new model of multilayer structures to answer the
various following functionalities: to treat the non-symmetrical multi-layer
structures, to check the boundaries conditions exactly, to check continuity for
displacements and stresses shear transverse to the interfaces of the multilayer
structures, to improve refinement of the terms of membrane and transverse
shearing In the absence of exact solutions (for multi-layer the non-symmetrical
ones) the validity of the model will be tested on problems resulting from threedimensional
solutions obtained by finite elements.
Keywords: asymmetric composite, finite elements, refined models,
interfaces, transverse shear, membrane
Mots clés: composites dissymétriques, éléments finis, modèles
raffinés, interfaces, cisaillement transverse, membrane

1 MODELISATION DU COMPORTEMENT D’UN


20-2 DETERMINATION D’UN CRITERE DE FATIGUE D’UN MATERIAU COMPOSITE PAR UNE METHODE NON DESTRUCTIVE

DETERMINAREA UNUI CRITERIU DE OBOSEALĂ A UNUI
MATERIAL COMPOZIT PRINTR-O METODĂ NEDISTRUCTIVĂ
Este propusă o nouă metodă de determinare a limitei de rezistenţă a
unui compozit cu o cameră în infraroşu. Testele de oboseală pe o epruvetă
pentru creşterea nivelului de încărcare, fac posibilă o analogie între încălzirea
locală şi prejudiciu. Rezultatele sunt comparate cu curbele Wöhler obţinute pe
un număr mare de exemple.
Cuvinte cheie: oboseală, compozite, infraroşu, prejudiciu, limită de
anduranţă
DETERMINATION A FATIGUE CRITERION OF A
COMPOSITE MATERIAL BY A NONDESTRUCTIVE METHOD
A new method of determination of the limit of endurance of a
composite by an infra-red camera is proposed. Fatigue tests on a specimen on
increasing levels of load, makes it possible to make the analogy between the
local heating and the damage. The results are compared with the curves of
Wöhler obtained with a great number of specimens.
Keywords: fatigue, composites, infrared, injury, old endurance
Mots clés: fatigue, composite, infrarouge, endommagement, limite
d’endurance

2 DETERMINATION D’UN CRITERE DE FATIGUE D’UN


20-3 MODELISATION DE L’IMPACT DE LA MAINTENANCE SUR LE ”LIFE CYCLE COST” D’UN PARC D’EOLIENNES

MODELAREA IMPACTULUI MENTENANŢEI ASUPRA
“COSTULUI CICLULUI DE VIAŢĂ” A UNUI PARC DE EOLIENE
În cazul integrării surselor de energie regenerabilă, calculul LCC (Life
Cycle Cost – costul ciclului de viaţă) este considerat ca fiind cel mai bun mod
de a evalua impactul asupra mediului. Costul ciclului de viaţă al unei turbine
eoliene poate fi împărţit în şase părţi: dezvoltarea, proiectarea, fabricarea,
instalarea, exploatarea şi dezafectarea. Această lucrare este o contribuţie la
evaluarea costurile de operare ale unei ferme eoliene de 2 MW, reprezentând
partea stochastică în calculul LCC. O bază de date pe 5 ani de funcţionare a
208 turbine eoliene răspândite în peste 35 de parcuri a fost folosită pentru a da
o primă estimare a LCC pentru fiecare turbină şi ca să se definească tendinţele
temporale ale MTBF şi MTTR.
Cuvinte cheie: eoliană, ciclu de viaţă, costuri de exploatare
MODELISATION OF THE MAINTENANCE IMPACT
ON THE ”LIFE CYCLE COST” OF WIND TURBINE PARKS
In the case of the integration of renewable energy sources, the
calculation of LCC is considered as the best way to assess the impact on the
environment. The Life Cycle Cost of a wind turbine can be divided into six
parts: design, development, manufacturing, installation, operation and
decommissioning. This paper is a contribution to assess the costs of operating
a wind farm of 2MW representing the stochastic part in the calculation of the
database of 5 years functioning of 208 wind turbines spread over 35
parks has been used to give a first estimate of the LCC of each turbine and
define temporal trends of MTBF and MTTR.
Keywords: wind, life cycle operating costs
Mots clés: éolien, cycle de vie, coûts d’exploitation

3 MODELISATION DE L’IMPACT DE LA MAINTENANCE


20-4 MANAGEMENT DE LA PERFORMANCE ENERGETIQUE

MANAGEMENTUL PERFORMANŢEI
ENERGETICE
Necesitatea de a conserva energia şi lupta împotriva emisiilor de COV
induce schimbări în natura surselor de energie şi a modurilor de consum.
Politicile energetice actuale nu sunt destinate pentru a creşte consumul de
energie în acelaşi timp cu creşterea economică. Pentru a atinge această
performanţă, companiile dezvoltă planuri de acţiune în jurul unui nou model de
creştere. Astăzi, există mai multe instrumente de diagnostic, dar planurile nu
sunt întotdeauna viabile, din punct de vedere economic. Scopul acestei lucrări
este de a oferi experienţe în aplicarea acestor metode de management a
energiei in diverse companii.
Cuvinte cheie: norme, reglementare, energii regenerabile

4 MANAGEMENT DE LA PERFORMANCE


20-5 OUTIL DE DECISION D’IMPLANTATION D’UNE CENTRALE PHOTOVOLTAÏQUE AU SOL

INSTRUMENT DE DECIZIE PENTRU IMPLANTAREA UNEI
CENTRALE FOTOVOLTAICE PE SOL
Obiectul acestui studiu este de a evalua influenţa adăugării de
trackere solare la consolidarea sistemelor fotovoltaice. Studiile teoretice arată
că trackerul poate creşte performanţa unei flote cu aproximativ 30 la 40 %. Cu
toate acestea, această tehnologie duce la alte constrângeri, cum ar fi creşterea
în spaţiului la sol. O alternativă este de a compensa această pierdere prin
adăugarea unui sistem de variaţie sezonieră a înclinării. Acesta poate avea o
pantă diferită, de vară şi de iarnă, pentru a maximiza producţia şi a permite o
creştere de la 5 la 10 % a producţiei.
Cuvinte cheie: fotovoltaic, concepţie, dimensionare, centrale la sol
DECISIONNEL TOOL FOR
ONSHORE SOLAR POWER PLANT
The subject of this study is to assess the influence of the addition of
solar trackers in the enhancement of photovoltaic systems. Theoretical studies
show that tracker can increase the performance of a fleet of about 30 to 40 %.
However, this technology leads to other constraints such as the increase in
floor space. An alternative is to compensate this loss by adding a system of
seasonal variation of inclination. This, can have a different slope in summer and
winter to maximize production and allow an increase of 5 to 10 % of production.
Keywords: photovoltaic, design, sizing, ground stations
Mots clés: Photovoltaïque, conception, dimensionnement, centrale au sol

5 OUTIL DE DECISION D’IMPLANTATION


20-6 L’ECOLE D’INGENIEURS DU CESI

ŞCOALA DE INGINERI DE LA CESI
Lucrarea prezintă istoria unei şcoli franceze originală, ce oferă formare
continuă şi programe într-o structură privată. Se dau, de asemenea, unele
informaţii despre legăturile cu companii şi modul în care se predă studenţilor.
Cuvinte cheie: şcoală de ingineri, Franţa, şcoală privată, întreprindere
OF THE CESI ENGINEERS SCHOOL
The paper presents the history of an original French school, providing
continue and sandwich training in a private structure. We give some information
about links with companies and how we teach those students.
Keywords: engineering school, France, private school business
Mots clés: école d’ingénieurs, France, école privée, entreprise

6 L’ECOLE D’INGENIEURS DU CESI


20-7 UTILIZAREA SURSELOR REGENERABILE DE ENERGIE ÎN ROMÂNIA

THE USE RENEWABLE ENRGY SOURCES IN TO ROMANIA
The energy strategy to value the potential of the energy sources is
inscribed in the coordinates of the long term Romanian energetic development.
The energy renewable sources represent an important component of the longlasting
energy development. Electricity production causes gases emission with
a greenhouse effect, mainly due to carbon dioxide and other pollutants. These
gases cause the rising of the Earth temperature, and so a smaller consume will
diminish the detrimental effect on the environment and will help to obtain long
lasting development of the life-style.
Keywords: renewable energy, energy efficiency, energy consumption,
greenhouse gas emissions, fossil fuels
Cuvinte cheie: energie regenerabilă, eficienţă energetică, consum de
energie, gaze cu efect de seră, combustibili fosili

7 UTILIZAREA SURSELOR REGENERABILE


20-8 PREOCUPĂRILE COMITETELOR TEHNICE ALE ORGANISMELOR INTERNAŢIONALE ŞI EUROPENE DE STANDARDIZARE PRIVIND MANAGEMENTUL ENERGIEI, EFICIENŢA ENERGETICĂ ŞI SURSELE REGENERABILE DE ENERGIE

PANORAMA OF THE TC, SC FROM ISO, IEC, CEN AND
CENELEC CONCERNED BY ENERGY MANAGEMENT,
ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
Standardization activities of CENELEC, CEN and ETSI are involved in
the field of energy management, renewable energy sources and improving of
their standardization work. Scope of the CENELEC TC 111X is to coordinate
the developed of standardization activities in dealing with environmental
aspects.
Keywords: energy, energy efficiency, energy management, renewable
energy, environmental protection, quality
Cuvinte cheie: energie, eficienţă energetică, management energetic,
energie regenerabilă, protecţia mediului, calitate

8 PREOCUPĂRILE COMITETELOR TEHNICE ALE


20-9 CONTROLUL NUMERIC AL SISTEMELOR DE SURSE DE ENERGIE ELECTRICĂ NECONVENŢIONALE ŞI CONVENŢIONALE

NUMERIC CONTROL OF THE CONVENTIONAL
AND UNCONVENTIONAL ELECTRICAL
ENERGY SOURCES SYSTEMS
Here we try to find a compromise way of controlling a continuous
variable power system by adopting a hybrid architecture in which the renewable
energy sources are coupled with the classic power grid. In such an architecture,
a big issue is the control algorithm for management of the energy sources,
which had to be designed in such a way that the final consumer remain
powered on at all times. We proposed a control algorithm which compares the
input and output powers, if the input power is lower than the output, then the
batteries are charged, and in the reverse situation the power sources are
coupled gradually until the load demand is satisfied.
Keywords: solar, photovoltaic, wind, algorithm, hybrid, renewable
sources
Cuvinte cheie: solare, fotovoltaice, eoliene, algoritm, hibrid, din surse
regenerabile

9 CONTROLUL NUMERIC AL SISTEMELOR DE SURSE


20-10 EVALUAREA ENERGIEI SOLARE INCIDENTE PE COLECTORII CU AXĂ FIXĂ EST-VEST ÎN REGIUNEA TIMIŞOAREI

EVALUATION OF SOLAR ENERGY INCIDENT ON SOLAR
COLLECTORS WITH FIXED EAST-WEST AXIS IN THE
REGION OF TIMIŞOARA
The solar energy incident monthly and yearly on mobile solar collectors
with fixed east-west axis is evaluated and compared to solar energy incident on
fixed solar collectors. The calculation is based on hourly global and diffuse
radiation data measured in Timişoara, Romania in 2009 and on an isotropic
radiation model. Results are useful for design and evaluation of solar
installations.
Keywords: solar energy, solar collectors, mobile model of isotropic radiation
Cuvinte cheie: energie solară, colectori solari mobili, model de radiaţie
izotrop

10 EVALUAREA ENERGIEI SOLARE INCIDENTE PE


20-11 ABORDAREA TRANSDISCIPLINARĂ A EFECTULUI FOTOELECTRIC EXTERN – ÎNCĂRCĂTOR SOLAR

A TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH OF THE EXTERNAL
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT – SOLAR CHARGER
Studies carried out on the external photoelectric effect for the average
youth education and awareness importance develop their „green energy”.
Keywords: external photoelectric effect, photoelectric cell, electricity,
solar radiation, photovoltaic, battery charger
Cuvinte cheie: efect fotoelectric extern, celulă fotoelectrică, curent
electric, radiaţie solară, celule fotovoltaice, încărcător acumulatori

11 ABORDAREA TRANSDISCIPLINARĂ A EFECTULUI


20-12 STUDIU COMPARATIV AL CAPTATORILOR SOLARI CU SUPRAFEŢE PLANE ŞI SFERICE PRIN PRISMA EFICIENŢEI CONVERSIEI ENERGIEI SOLARE ÎN ENERGIE TERMICĂ

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FLAT AND SPHERICAL SOLAR
COLLECTORS REGARDING THE EFFICIENCY CONVERSION
OF SOLAR ENERGY IN THERMAL ENERGY
The paper makes a comparative analysis of the conversion efficiency
of flat plate solar collectors and spherical solar collectors. The main structural
and functional characteristics of flat plate and spherical collectors are
presented. In the final part of the paper recommendations on possible use of
spherical solar collectors are proposed.
Keywords: solar collector plane, spherical solar collector, output,
convert radiation, solar
Cuvinte cheie: captator solar plan, captator solar sferic, randament,
conversia radiaţiei, energie solară

12 STUDIU COMPARATIV AL CAPTATORILOR SOLARI


20-13 UTILIZAREA ENERGIEI SOLARE ÎN REŢELELE ANTIGRINDINĂ

SOLAR ENERGY USE IN ANTIHAIL NETWORKS
This work paper shows a solution for the problem concerning the
power supply of low power consumers placed in isolated areas having no
access to electrical power network. The solution is based on a stand alone
photovoltaic system.
A microcontroller development system was conceived in order to
assure a high performance for the photovoltaic system. A system of this kind
assures an automatic orientation of a photovoltaic panel and also allows to plug
in as well as to unplug the consumers depending on both the priorities and the
energy we have at our disposal in the electric accumulators.
Keywords: energy, photovoltaic, monitor, rain, guidance system
Cuvinte cheie: energie, fotovoltaică, monitorizare, antigrindină, sistem
de orientare

13 UTILIZAREA ENERGIEI SOLARE ÎN REŢELELE


20-14 EVALUAREA POTENŢIALULUI DE ENERGIE DIN BIOMASĂ SOLIDĂ PENTRU ZONA PETRU RAREŞ-RETEAG

ASSESSMENT OF SOLIDBIOMASS ENERGY
POTENTIAL FOR PETRU RAREŞ –RETEAG AREA
The work refers to theoretical and technical potential for energy
production from biomass in rural areas of Transylvania. The paper aims to
identify the main types of solid biomass available in Petru Rareş-Reteag area
and how to exploit these resources.
Keywords: hydropower, biomass, agricultural production, the Peter Rares
Cuvinte cheie: potenţial energetic, biomasă solidă, producţii agricole,
zona Petru Rareş

14 EVALUAREA POTENŢIALULUI DE ENERGIE


20-15 ASPECTE PRIVIND VALORIFICAREA ENERGIEI GEOTERMALE ÎN ROMÂNIA

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY EXPLOITATION IN ROMANIA
Due to the scientific breakthrough of the last century, geothermal
energy may now be used on a national, even global scale to produce both
electricity and heat. In Romania, geothermal energy is used to produce heat,
the main sources being located in the western area of the country.
Keywords: geothermal energy resources, potential, recovery
Cuvinte cheie: energie geotermală, resurse, potenţial, valorificare

15 ASPECTE PRIVIND VALORIFICAREA ENERGIEI


20-16 ANALIZA DIFERITELOR METODE DE OBŢINERE A HIDROGENULUI

ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT METHODSFOR
HYDROGEN PRODUCTION
This work enumerates and analyses a few methods of obtaining
gaseous hydrogen from different substances and materials. This gas serves
basically for automotive propulsion for the reduction of harmful emissions from
classic fossil fuels.
Keywords: hydrogen production, electrolysis, bacteria, decomposition, gas
Cuvinte cheie: hidrogen, producere, electroliza, bacterii, descompunere, gaz

16 ANALIZA DIFERITELOR METODE DE OBŢINERE


20-17 IMPORTANŢA ECO-ENERGETICĂ A CELULEI DE COMBUSTIE CU HIDROGEN

ECO-ENERGETICAL EFFICIENCY OF
HYDROGEN FUEL CELL
This paper presents the importance and perspective of hydrogen as an
energy carrier, now when hydrogen fuel cells can be an option for reducing the
emissions from the transportation sector. It is also described the operating
mode of a hydrogen fuel cell and most importantly, there are emphasized the
recent achievements regarding the key candidate materials for hydrogen
storage, which is an essential factor in the commercialization of hydrogen fuel
cell vehicles.
Keywords: pollution, fuel cell, hydrogen storage materials, storage
Cuvinte cheie: poluare, celula de combustie, hidrogen, stocare,
materiale de stocare

17 IMPORTANŢA ECO-ENERGETICĂ A CELULEI


20-18 MODELAREA PILELOR CU COMBUSTIBIL CU MEMBRANĂ SCHIMBĂTOARE DE PROTONI

PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL
CELL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), with low polluting
emissions, is a great alternative to replace the traditional power sources. The
fuel cell generates electric power and heat power, which can be used to feed
electrical and heat customers. This paper presents a study of the PEMFC
system.
Keywords: fuel cell, hydrogen, electricity
Cuvinte cheie: pilă cu combustibil, hidrogen, energie electrică

18 MODELAREA PILELOR CU COMBUSTIBIL CU


20-19 EFICIENŢA UNEI PILE CU COMBUSTIBIL CU MEMBRANĂ SCHIMBĂTOARE DE PROTONI

EFFICIENCY OF PROTON EXCHANGE
MEMBRANE FUEL CELL
Fuel cells power generating systems represent a solution to replace
traditional power sources because of their high efficiency and multiple
applications. Fuel cell technology is based on the concept of direct
electrochemical energy conversion. Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel
cells show great promise for use as distributed generation sources.
Keywords: fuel cell, efficiency, renewable
Cuvinte cheie: pilă cu combustibil, randament, surse regenerabile

19EFICIENŢA UNEI PILE CU COMBUSTIBIL CU


20-20 VALORIFICAREA RESURSELOR EOLIENE ÎN ROMÂNIA

CAPITALIZATION OF THE WIND ENERGY
RESOURCES IN ROMANIA
In this paper we underline the need and the opportunity to use wind
energy due to the competitive cost of this type of energy and due to the
reduction of pollution. We also present the current situation on a global level of
the wind energy market as well as the development of this branch in Romania.
Keywords: wind power, cost, benefits, wind energy market
Cuvinte cheie: energie eoliană, cost, avantaje, piaţa energiei eoliene

20 VALORIFICAREA RESURSELOR EOLIENE


20-21 UTILIZAREA ENERGIEI VÂNTULUI ÎN ROMÂNIA

WIND ENERGY USE IN ROMANIA
Wind energy is very important for the future, the wind energy is cheep,
renewable and in the future Romania is interested to use it. So in this paper we
analyzed the current stage and prospects of this energy.
Keywords: wind, wind turbine, wind
Cuvinte cheie: vânt, turbină eoliană, energie eoliană

21 UTILIZAREA ENERGIEI VÂNTULUI ÎN ROMÂNIA


20-22 NECESITATEA EVALUĂRII POTENŢIALULUI ÎNCĂ DIN FAZA INCIPIENTĂ A DEMARĂRII UNEI INVESTIŢII ÎN DOMENIUL ENERGIEI EOLIENE

NECESSITY TO EVALUATE POTENTIAL SINCE
THE EARLY STAGES OF AN INVESTMENT IN WIND ENERGY
In starting an investment program in wind energy, the risk should not
be allowed under any circumstances. To avoid unnecessary costs or those with
low efficiency (given that a wind farm requires investment of at least several
tens of million euros), the wind potential of the site should be evaluated very
well.
Keywords: wind, wind speed, wind energy, variation graphs, wind potential
Cuvinte cheie: vânt, viteza vântului, energia vântului, grafice de
variaţie, potenţial eolian

22 NECESITATEA EVALUĂRII POTENŢIALULUI ÎNCĂ


20-23 TURBULENŢA VÂNTULUI CAPTAREA DE ENERGIE SUPLIMENTARĂ

TURBULENT WIND ADDITIONAL ENERGY CAPTURE
The energy provided by a wind turbine over a year, can be estimated
by integrating the power curve, the velocity distribution is known while. In these
circumstances, it ignores the extra energy could be captured by the wind
turbine, the wind speed turbulence.
This article aims to highlight this.
Finally, presents graphically experimental measurements of wind
turbine OPMS-7, which shows that the same average speed measured wind
turbine power debited different.
Keywords: extra energy, wind turbine, captured, turbulence, wind
speed, wind speed turbulence intensity
Cuvinte cheie: energia suplimentară, turbina de vânt, captată,
turbulenţa vitezei vântului, intensitatea turbulenţei vitezei vântului

23 TURBULENŢA VÂNTULUI


20-24 PRELUCRAREA DATELOR REFERITOARE LA PARAMETRII VÂNTULUI

WIND PARAMETERS DATA PROCEESING
In order to analyze if a specified location corresponds or not for
mounting wind turbines on it, must be installed meteorological towers which
would monitories in time the air parameters. This paper presents the
methodology of processing the data achieved from a meteorological tower and
the results obtained from this.
Keywords: wind speed, direction, average monthly limit exponent layer density
Cuvinte cheie: vânt, viteză, direcţie, medii lunare, exponentul stratului
limită, densitate

24 PRELUCRAREA DATELOR REFERITOARE


20-25 DETERMINAREA GROSIMII ŞI A CONSTANTELOR OPTICE ALE FILMULUI DE POLIMETACRILAT DE METIL DIN SPECTRELE IR DE REFLEXIE

THE DETERMINATION OF THICKNESS AND OPTICAL
CONSTANTS FOR POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE FILM
FROM IR REFLECTANCE SPECTRA
The transmittance values measured in IR reflection-absorption (RA)
spectra can be used to determine the optical constants of dielectric films laid on
solid substrates. When the recorded spectra show interference fringes, one can
determine the film thickness. The film thickness was obtained from the
reflexion-absorption IR spectra recorded at two different incidence angles.
To obtain the optical constants of polymethylmetacrilat films laid on
steel we used dispersion analysis. Using dispersion analysis offers the
advantage of processing a large volume of data.
Keywords: reflection absorption, optical constants, IR spectra,
dispersion analysis
Cuvinte cheie: reflexie-absorbţie, constante optice, spectre IR, analiza
de dispersie

25 DETERMINAREA GROSIMII ŞI A CONSTANTELOR


20-26 SISTEME DE ELIBERARE CONTROLATA A MEDICAMENTELOR. HIDROGELURI

CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS. HYDROGELS
This article intends to present a review about responsive polymer
systems used in controlled drug delivery applications. It was definite the
concept of drug delivery as an ability to sustainable and constantly deliver the
therapeutic agent, in order to solve the problem of conventional drug therapy
where drug is released immediately after medication. This review gives
information on polimeric materials concerning the relationship between their
design and the mechanism of drug release. Hydro gels are three-dimensional,
hydrophilic, polymeric network, capable of imbibing large amounts of water or
biological fluids, and are used in biomedical applications. Hydro gels are
stimuli-responsive materials, that can undergo abrupt volume change in
response to small changes in environmental parameters: temperature, pH, ionic
strength. This article discusses the classification of drug delivery systems
according to the mechanism controlling the drug release, and a few words
about novel polymers responsive to external applied magnetic and electric
fields.
Keywords: stimulus-responsive polymers, hydrogels, controlled
release drug
Cuvinte cheie: polimeri receptivi la stimuli, hidrogeluri, eliberarea
controlată a medicamentelor

26 SISTEME DE ELIBERARE CONTROLATA A


20-27 POLIZAHARIDE FOLOSITE ÎN OBŢINEREA HIDROGELURILOR UTILIZATE ÎN SISTEMELE DE ELIBERARE CONTROLATĂ A MEDICAMENTELOR

POLYSACCHARIDES USED IN OBTAINING HYDROGELS
FOR CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
This paper is a review of the most important papers related to
polisaccharides studied and used in hydrogels systems for controlled drug
delivery. Among the numerous macromolecules that can be used to obtain
hydrogels, polysaccharides present many advantages comparatively to
synthetic polymers being largely found in living organisms. Coming from
renewable sources, polysaccharides also have frequently economical
advantages over synthetic polymers, because they are non-toxic, biocompatible
and bioavailable, showing such physico-chemical proprieties that make them
suitable for applications in drug delivery systems. Focusing on the ability of
polysaccharides to form hydrogels in a great diversity of compositions it is well
understood that safer and more realistic approaches in the therapy of diseases
will be achieved in the days to come.
Key words: polysaccharides, hydrogels, controlled release drug
Cuvinte cheie: polizaharide, hidrogel, eliberarea controlată a medicamentelor

27 POLIZAHARIDE FOLOSITE ÎN OBŢINEREA


20-28 METODE DE DETERMINARE A ACIDULUI FORMIC (HCOOH)

SOME DETERMINATION METHODS OF
FORMIC ACID (HCOOH)
This paper is a short review about synthesis and determination
methods of formic acid from solution mixtures. Formic acid is used in many
industries such as textiles, natural rubber, in agriculture, as well as for
cosmetics, disinfectants, detergents, medicines, to controlling acidity against
microbial growth, fuel for power cells etc. In the same time is considered an
environmental pollutant, so the principal method for determination is the titration
process. Another methods mentioned in the literature are enzymatic method
and catalytic oxidation method.
Keywords: formic acid, formic acid determination methods, linear
voltammetry
Cuvinte cheie: acid formic, metode de determinare acid formic,
voltametrie liniară

28 METODE DE DETERMINARE A ACIDULUI


20-29 PROCESUL DE COAGULARE – FLOCULARE

COAGULATION-FLOCCULATION PROCESS
The paper is a review of literature data related to the coagulationflocculation
process. The first part presents the theoretical basis of coagulationflocculation,
followed by the presentation of a case study related to the
efficiency of a waste water treatment using diverse coagulants and anionic
polyacrylamide as coagulant aid.
Keywords: coagulation, flocculation, colloidal particles
Cuvinte cheie: coagulare, floculare, particule coloidale

29 PROCESUL DE COAGULARE – FLOCULARE


20-30 MATERIALE POLIMERICE UTILIZATE ÎN RESTAURAREA OPERELOR DE ARTĂ

POLYMERIC MATERIALS EMPLOYED IN
ARTWORK RESTORATION
The paper presents a review of some of the most common polymeric
materials that have been employed in artwork restoration on a large scale.
Such materials have been primarily introduced in the field of cultural heritage
conservation and restoration as consolidates but proved to drastically alter their
initial properties due to natural ageing and interactions with external factors
and/or the consolidated substrate. The main alterations observed in over 20
years of use, with possible causes and mechanisms of deterioration are
outlined in this literature study.
Keywords: polymers, natural aging, photo oxidation, surface
morphology changes
Cuvinte cheie: polimeri, îmbătrânire naturală, foto-oxidare, modificarea
morfologiei suprafeţei

30 MATERIALE POLIMERICE UTILIZATE ÎN


20-31 INFLUENŢA FACTORILOR ATMOSFERICI POLUANŢI ASUPRA MATERIALELOR DE CONSTRUCŢIE FOLOSITE LA MUZEUL DE ARTĂ CLUJ-NAPOCA

RESEARCHES AND STUDIES OF THE INFLEUNCE OF
POLLUTING ATMOSPHERIC FACTORS ON THE BUILDING
MATERIALS USED AT THE ART MUSEUM IN CLUJ-NAPOCA
This paper represents an interdisciplinary study, and wishes to be an
attempt of restoration/conservation of cultural heritage. The purpose of the
paper is to observe study and classify the alteration and decay processes of the
building material used at the Cluj-Napoca Art Museum.
The alteration and decay processes can differ from one material to
another, and it can have different causing phenomena, the most harmful being
the air pollution, which along with the rain can produce several alteration
phenomena: the so-called “black crust”, material exfoliations and salt
efflorescence.
There have been made two X-ray Powder Diffraction analysis, on the
samples taken from the Art Museum in Cluj-Napoca, one on the black crust
(shows a high quantity of magnesium calcite, sulfates, and some quartz traces),
and one on the salts present on limestone (show a high quantity of thenardite,
and some quartz and calcium traces).
Keywords: air pollution, cultural heritage, acid rain, black crust,
monuments degradation
Cuvinte cheie: poluare atmosferică, patrimoniu cultural, ploaie acidă,
crustă neagră, degradarea monumentelor

31 INFLUENŢA FACTORILOR ATMOSFERICI POLUANŢI

 


20-32 DETERMINAREA CONDUCTIVITĂŢII TERMICE A MATERIALELOR DE CONSTRUCŢII

ABOUT THE DETERMINATION OF BUILDING MATERIALS’
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
The paper introduces an experimental method of determining the
thermal conductivity of building materials. The installation we have created is
based on the Fouriér law allows the determination of the thermal conductivity of
the building materials’ which the test bars are made of, and implicitly, theirs
identification. This method does not allow an observation of the variation of
thermal conductivity with respect to temperature for the material under question,
the result of the analysis being in fact a mean value of thermal conductivity.
Keywords: conductivity, thermocouples, thermal conductivity, thermal gradient
Cuvinte cheie: conductivitate, termocupluri, conducţie termică, gradient termic

32 DETERMINAREA CONDUCTIVITĂŢII TERMICE


20-33 AUTOMATIZAREA CLĂDIRILOR

THE BUILDINGS AUTOMATION
This paper presents some aspects regarding Buildings Automation
System. The Buildings Automation System(BAS)describes the functionality
provides by an intelligent network, computerized with electronic devices and
called The Control System. The Control System is design for monitoring and
control the mechanical, lighting, aer conditioning and other systems inside the
buildings.
Keywords: BAS, teransmisiuni network, controller, alarm, security
Cuvinte cheie: BAS, reţea de teransmisiuni, controler, alarmare,
securitate

33 AUTOMATIZAREA CLĂDIRILOR


20-34 SISTEM INOVATIV DE „TERMOIZOLARE ACTIVĂ” A CLĂDIRILOR VECHI

INNOVATIVE „ACTIVE THERMAL-INSULATION”
SYSTEM FOR OLD BUILDINGS
The building sector occupies the first place in terms of energy
consumption both nationally and in Europe. Collective housing represents 39 %
of the total housing stock, and among these 72 % are prefabricated type
buildings. Because of the weight of this type of buildings and also because of
their deficiency in energy performance a new modern solution is researched for
a sustainable renovation. A complex facade panel system is under study that
should contain both classic “passive“ thermal-insulation, as well as innovative
“active“ insulation. By integrating a cellulose comb on the exterior side of the
panel it is possible to achieve an important solar gain that changes the dynamic
of the thermal transfer of the building and thus allows to exploit a system with
superior characteristics than systems currently in use. This system is expected
to be used particularly in the post-equipment of old buildings.
Keywords: insulation, modern facade
Cuvinte cheie: termoizolare, faţade moderne

34 SISTEM INOVATIV DE „TERMOIZOLARE ACTIVĂ”


20-35 SECURITATEA LA INCENDIU A CLĂDIRILOR DEZVOLTATE PE VERTICALĂ

THE FIRE SAFETY OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGS
In the last decades, high buildings are part of our daily life. Higher and
higher, these buildings need to be very carefully designed and analyzed, in
order to obtain a proper level of fire safety. Including for this type of buildings,
the domain of fire safety engineering was created. The article gives general
guidelines concerning the areas and problems that need to be accounted for
when it comes to fire safety in high rise buildings, all over the world.
Keywords: fire, very tall buildings, fire safety engineering, fire safety
Cuvinte cheie: incendiu, clădiri foarte înalte, ingineria securităţii la
incendiu, securitatea la incendiu

35 SECURITATEA LA INCENDIU A CLĂDIRILOR


20-36 PROGRAM DE CALCUL PENTRU DIMENSIONAREA SISTEMULUI DE VENTILARE ŞI EVACUARE A FUMULUI ŞI GAZELOR FIERBINŢI PROVENITE DIN INCENDIUL UNEI CLĂDIRI

THE CALCULATING PROGRAMME FOR THE SCALING
OF A SYSTEM VENTILATION AND SMOKE AND
HOT GASES EXHAUST FROM AN ARSONED BUILDING
The personal programmed SVEFGF, conceived on the base of the
standardized calculating procedures (CEN/TR 12101-5:2007), allows the
minimizing the calculus methods, with the purpose to follow, to compare, and
to evaluate the obtained results, regarding to chose the best solutions for
scaling of system ventilation and smoke and hot gases exhaust from an arson
building. The utility of this program is represented through the application
proposed in the paper for the depressurization of an atrium with opened floors
towards this.
Keywords: fire, atrium, ventilation, smoke, fire safety
Cuvinte cheie: incendiu, atrium, ventilare, fum, securitatea la incendiu

36 PROGRAM DE CALCUL PENTRU DIMENSIONAREA